1 / 13

Theme 2.1 Improved crops for sustainable supply

Theme 2.1 Improved crops for sustainable supply. Gail Taylor. Current Research Topics. Genomics and genetics of feedstock yield and lignocellulosic quality Woody biomass supply in a changing environment LCA and sustainability criteria for bioenergy and biofuels.

joey
Download Presentation

Theme 2.1 Improved crops for sustainable supply

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Theme 2.1 Improved crops for sustainable supply Gail Taylor

  2. Current Research Topics • Genomics and genetics of feedstock yield and lignocellulosic quality • Woody biomass supply in a changing environment • LCA and sustainability criteria for bioenergy and biofuels

  3. Estimated total amounts of C in soil & vegetation in different terrestrial systems (Royal Society 2001). Pg C or Gt C croplands 131 boreal forests 559 wetlands 240 temperate forests 159 tundra 127 tropical forests 428 deserts & semides. 199 temperate grasslands 304 tropical savannas 330 Total non forest 1,331 Total forests 1,146 Forest ecosystems – 50% global vegetation C

  4. How can we improve efficiency of biomass production? 4.6% 6.0% Zhu et al., (2008). Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 19, 153-159

  5. Plant Productivity- Monteith 1977 Sugar beet (2.5%) Biomass Yield T ha-1 Barley(2.5%) Apple(2.5%) Solar Radiation GJ m-2

  6. Poplar for bioenergy – globally significant

  7. Identifying genes important for high yield cut Harvest Cut back And harvest Assessment Assessment Planted

  8. Addressing the yield gap in energy poplar – more biomass on less land YIELD – ODT ha-1 y-1 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 40 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Nonhebel, 2002 ] 35 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Scarascia-Mugnozza et al., 1997] Potential Yield The yield gap – high throughput biology can make step-change advances 20 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Corria et al., 1995] 18 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Rae et al., 2007] 18 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Labreque et al., 2005] Actual commercial UK Yield 2-3 ODT ha-1 y-1 [Bungart et al., 1995]

  9. P. nigra from rivers across Europe

  10. Leaf size and shape vary with latitude of origin Harriet Trewin

  11. Leaf development candidates - models SAM CLAVATA1 CLAVATA2, CLAVATA3 WUSCHEL, PHANTASTICA, PHABULOSA, PHAVOLUTA, PINHEAD, YABBY, FIL, KANADI1, 2 Emerging primordia BOP1, AS1, AS2, ASL1, ANTEGUMENTA, ANGUSTIFOLIA, ROTUNDIFOLIA, GROWTH REGULATING FACTOR, CELL CYCLE CONTROL, ERECTA, ETHYLENE Maturing lamina EXPANSIN, XTHS, CYCLINS, CDKs, ENDOGLUCANASES, KORRIGAN, OXIDATIVE STATUS, WRKYs Senescing SAGs, LDOX, DFR, WRKYs, MYBs, SAG21 Abscission

  12. LG chromosome 4 QTL for ECN, ECA, SI and SD (Rae et al., 2006; Rodriguez-Acosta et al, 2008) E2Fc cDNA array up in large down in large Number of cells per leaf Latitude

  13. 2 G crop improvement – summary • Elucidating genes underlying yield traits is nearing completion • We will move to proof of concept using transgenic trees • For commercial release marker assisted selection in the absence of GM

More Related