AstroMeteorology at the University of Valparaíso

1. AstroMeteorology at the University of Valparaíso AstroMeteorology Group Omar Cuevas - Arlette Chacón Michel Curé Department of Physics and Astronomy Universidad de Valparaíso Astromet-UV

2. History Department of Physics and Meteorology Learning MM5 system model CONICYT - DAAD project: Stay at Munich Institute of Meteorology Astromet-UV

3. History First MM5 simulation For Paranal West-East Vertical Cross section Velocity field Astromet-UV

4. History First MM5 simulation For Paranal North - South Vertical Cross section Velocity field Astromet-UV

5. MIM (Munich Institute of Meteorology ): MM5 - Paranal MM5 Domains Astromet-UV

6. MIM: MM5 - Paranal TKE Turbulent Kinetic Energy Present at Lower altitude levels Astromet-UV

7. MIM: MM5 - Paranal Trajectories Astromet-UV

8. 15 km Omar Cuevas: MM5 user Trajectories Universidad de Valparaíso 2003-2004 & 2006  Universidad de Chile 2004-2005 Cross section to 20º S Potential Vorticity (PV) (shadows colors) Specific humidity (black lines) Astromet-UV

9. MM5 Atmospheric Modelling Boundary Conditions NCAR/GFS ECMWF Astromet-UV

10. MM5/MPP TERRAIN INTERPF REGRID RIP GrADS Vis5D GFS ECMWF ETA… MM5: Pre & Post Processing Astromet-UV

11. Macon project (2006-2007) ESO-UV contract (Marc Sarazin) + Arlette Chacón Objectives: • Description of the zone: Orography and Climatology. • Statistical analysis of turbulence data and seeing. • Meteorological analysis for some events registered of seeing. • Analysis of meteorological data of stations in-situ. • Analysis of turbulence (Ri y TKE) and comparison with real data measured of seeing and turbulence (Cn2). Astromet-UV

12. AstroMeteorology –Team Astromet-UV

13. Configuration of the model Module TERRAIN Example for Macón zone D1: 80 x 80 grids points. 27 km horizontal resolution. D2: 70 x 97 grids points. 9 km horizontal resolution. D3: 100 x181 grids points. 3 km horizontal resolution. D4:73 x 85 grids points. 1 km horizontal resolution. Astromet-UV

14. Paranal Macon Description of the zone Astromet-UV

15. Climatological Analysis (Re-Analysis) Temperature in 925 HPa Climatological Most Predominant condition: Anticyclonic Predominance Astromet-UV

16. MM5 Forecast Potential high (black lines) Relative vorticity (shadows colors) Satellite image of infrared chanel GOES-12 Astromet-UV

17. Observed variables vs. simulated variables (MM5) Wind Speed Observed & Modeled Temperature Post-processed using a Kalman filter for ECMWF data in Paranal/La Silla Astromet-UV

18. Trajectories analysis: Paranal-Macón? Domain 2 Trajectories Astromet-UV

19. Trajectories analysis: Tolar-Macón? Domain 4 Trajectory 0.5 km over Macón Astromet-UV

20. Macon circulación cerrada Tolar Macon Macon circulación cerrada circulación cerrada Tolar Tolar Trajectories analysis: Tolar-Macón? Astromet-UV

21. Trajectories analysis Example: Heights crossed by trajectories Astromet-UV

22. Statistics of turbulence and seeing data Astromet-UV

23. Statistics of turbulence and seeing data Astromet-UV

24. Seeing vs wind speed Astromet-UV

25. Seeing vs wind speed Astromet-UV

26. Number of Richardson A dimensionless parameter whose values determines if convection is free or forced # Richardson for bad seeing case # Richardson for good seeing case Astromet-UV

27. TKE: Turbulent Kinetic Enregy Astromet-UV

28. TKE for bad case of seeing Astromet-UV

29. Thermal thickness: bad seeing (left) & “good” seeing (right) Astromet-UV

30. Gemini-South AstroMeteorology project Analysis of meteorological predominant conditions to Cerro Pachón. Analysis of observed data compared with simulated data. Statistics on data of seeing. Comparison of observation meteorological and simulate data with seeing data. Trajectory analysis. Comparison of atmospheric turbulence indexes, like TKE and Richardson number (Ri) with seeing. Web access to results Astromet-UV

31. Gemini South zone Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope Astromet-UV

32. AstroMet web page Astromet-UV

33. E-ELT - TMT Astromet-UV

34. Seeing episode: Aug 13th, 2006 3064 m.a.s.l. 2290 m.a.s.l. 4477 m.a.s.l. Astromet-UV

35. TERRAIN-MM5 Domain 3 Resolution : 3 km Tolar Tolonchar Armazones Macon Astromet-UV

36. Synoptic Analysis • Anticiclonic Predominance • Estratiform Cloudness (Costal trough= Vaguada Costera) • Subtropical Jet Stream, low intensity • Stable atmosphere. Infrared 00 UTC Water Vapor 00 UTC Water Vapor 03 UTC Water Vapor 09 UTC Astromet-UV

37. MM5 Simulation 03 UTC 03 UTC • Anticyclonic Predominance (500 Hpa) • Positive Vorticicity (anticiclonic) • West Circulation • Subtropical Jet Stream (250 Hpa) • Low intensity • Stable Atmosphere Astromet-UV

38. 05 UTC 06 UTC 07 UTC Tolar Thermal Perturbation First 4km Potential temp. Velocity field Potential vorticity 05 UTC 06 UTC 07 UTC Astromet-UV

39. Tolonchar Thermal Perturbation: Not Clear Probably Mechanical First 10km Potential temp. Velocity field Potential vorticity 04 UTC 03 UTC 03 UTC 05 UTC 05 UTC Astromet-UV

40. Armazones Normal “good seeing” Night 00 UTC Astromet-UV

41. 1 km 2 km Tolar Tolonchar Armazones Trajectory analysis Astromet-UV

42. 4 km 8 km Trajectories analysis Astromet-UV

43. GPS-AstroMeteorology Astromet-UV

44. FINAL GOAL: www.dfa.uv.cl/astromet Astromet-UV

45. FINAL GOAL • Operational forecast (GFS & MM5) for all Observatories in Chile • Perform research in astrometeorology • Forecast the Seeing …therefore help to optimize the resources and programming of the Observations Astromet-UV