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Case Study: DTT (Digital Terrestrial Television)

Case Study: DTT (Digital Terrestrial Television). Warsaw, February 2004 Roberto de Martino Autorità per le Comunicazioni. Index. AGCOM Introduction Italian TV market overview DTT technical aspects Regulatory Framework Conclusions. AGCOM Introduction. Section 1. AGCOM Introduction.

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Case Study: DTT (Digital Terrestrial Television)

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  1. Case Study:DTT (Digital Terrestrial Television) Warsaw, February 2004 Roberto de Martino Autorità per le Comunicazioni

  2. Index • AGCOM Introduction • Italian TV market overview • DTT technical aspects • Regulatory Framework • Conclusions

  3. AGCOM Introduction Section 1.

  4. AGCOM Introduction • AGCOM (Autorità per le Garanzie nelle Comunicazioni) established by Law n. 249/1997 • Council assisted by two Commissions: networks and services • Regulatory Authority for both Telecommunications and audiovisual • “Convergent Authority” • Responsabilities also in press and publishing sectors

  5. AGCOM Introduction • AGCOM activities and responsabilities: • Interconnection • Verification of dominant position (TLC, TV) • Accounting separation • Universal service • Audiovisual frequency plan • TV monitoring • Numbering Plan • Italian PNRF (official comments to Tlc Ministry)

  6. AGCOM Introduction • AGCOM activities and responsabilities : • Tarifs • Mobile market competition • Services quality • TV-SAT • Political pluralism • Advertising, Audiovisual production quota • Press

  7. Regulatory interventions: Respect of programmation quotas and of production content Publicity quotas Minor tutela, Information ecc., … CONTENTS Licencers and authorizations, … TRANSPORT BROADCAST Antitrust rules etc… DISTRIBUTION “Decoder unico” Final user

  8. Italian TV market overview Section 2.

  9. Italian TV market overview • GENERAL INFORMATION: • 11 national terrestrial channels • +600 local TV, +1000 radio • About +2,5 milions satellite pay-TV subscribers • 1 satellite digital platform (SKY) • Cable Tv: strong growth • switch off (ATO) date: end 2006 • Previous Tele+ frequencies have been sold to a consortium (Ben Amar/TF1) to give birth to Sport Italia (Europa TV) and D-free (Prima TV)

  10. Italian TV market overview • RECEPTION PATTERNS: • Households: more than 20 millions • Terrestrial Tv: 88/89% (50% EU average) • Satellite Tv: 10/11% (21% EU average) • Cable Tv: 1% (29% EU average) • Terrestrial analogue TV still dominates the market

  11. Italian TV market overview • TV SERVICES: • Terrestrial FTA: Two major national players (RAI, Mediaset), strong local character • Satellite Pay-TV: One main Pay-Tv operator Sky • Satellite FTA • Cable TV: optical fiber, and ADSL

  12. Italian TV market overview

  13. Italian TV market overview • DIGITAL OFFER: • Total Digital TV penetration: 12/13% (EU average 18%) • DTH: 12/13% (EU average 12%) • DTT: trials/experimentation (EU average 1-2%) • Cable: 0.1/0.2 millions HH (EU average 4%)

  14. Italian TV market overview: Alternative services to analogue terrestrial Tv

  15. Italian TV market overview • CONCLUSIONS ITALIAN TV MARKET MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: • Analogue terrestrial TV still dominates the market • Presence of 2 strong national operators which own 3 TV channels each • Strong presence of local operators (more than 600) • Vertical model in the analogue terrestrial TV (the operators manage the transmission capacity, own the frequencies, content production, advertising ecc.)

  16. Italian TV market overview • CONCLUSIONS ITALIAN TV MARKET MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: • Satellite Pay-TV is the strongest alternative so far to conventional analogue terrestrial Tv • Digital penetration is in the EU average • Still weak penetration of cable TV (even with quick growth and ADSL coming soon) • New entries in the Italian broadcast market • DTT started (5 Mux, +20 programs) • DTT expected growth (switch-off set end 2006)

  17. DTT Technical aspects Section 3.

  18. DTT Technical Aspects • DTT BENEFITS: • Better Picture/sound quality • Increase capacity and efficiency of networks • Reduce transmission costs • Better spectrum efficiency • Lower entry barrier, increased competition

  19. DTT Technical Aspects • DTT Play-out elements: • Encoder • Multiplexer • OFDM Modulator • EPG • CA

  20. DTT Technical Aspects

  21. DTT Technical Aspects

  22. DTT Technical Aspects

  23. DTT Technical Aspects • DTT distribution network: • SFN • MFN • Network adapter

  24. DTT Technical Aspects • Analogue frequency TV Plan (Analogue PNAF): • Issued in 1998 by AGCOM • AGCOM Delibera n 68/98 • Two level plan approach: • First level plan- optimization of resources • Second level plan- once completed the first level plan optimization (integration) of left resources

  25. DTT Technical Aspects • ANALOGUE TV PLAN REQUIREMENTS: • VHF frequency band (I and II) • UHF frequency band (IV and V) • 45 channel (frequency) available in UHF band for planning • 6 channel (frequency) available in VHF band for planning • Total: 51 channel (frequencies)

  26. DTT Technical Aspects • ANALOGUE TV PLAN REQUIREMENTS: • Quality objective: 4 on the ITU-R scale • One third of capacity to be reserved to local programming • Utilize European channelization in VHF band • Territorial coverage objective: 80% of the Italian territory (with inclusion of all Italian capoluoghi di provincia) • Power > 200 W • Transmission infrastructure positioned on the same position (site) • Total number od transmission sites: 480

  27. DTT Technical Aspects • ANALOGUE TV PLAN (I LEVEL) RESULTS: • 3 channels (frequency) per TV network • National coverage with 17 TV channels • 6 TV channel reserved to local TV • 11 TV channel reserved to national TV • All requirements set satisfied

  28. DTT Technical Aspects • ANALOGUE TV PLAN (II LEVEL) REQUIREMENTS: • II level TV plan total number of sites: 480 • Constraint regarding maintenance of coverage established in the I level TV plan • Power greater than 200 W • Regional coverage area • Provincial coverage area

  29. DTT Technical Aspects • ANALOGUE TV PLAN (II LEVEL) RESULTS: • AGCOM Delibera n 95/00/CONS • 126 regional area covered • 1502 provincial area covered

  30. DTT Technical Aspects

  31. DTT Technical Aspects • Digital frequency TV Plan: • Issued in 2003 by AGCOM • AGCOM Delibera n 15/03/CONS • Two level plan approach: • First level plan- optimization of resources • Second level plan- once completed the first level plan optimization (integration) of left resources

  32. DTT Technical Aspects • DIGITAL TV PLAN REQUIREMENTS: • VHF frequency band (I and II) 52,5 – 68 MHz and 174-223 MHz • UHF frequency band (IV and V) 470 – 854 MHz • 48 channel (frequency) available in UHF band for planning • 6 channel (frequency) available in VHF band for planning • Total: 54 channel (frequencies)

  33. DTT Technical Aspects • DIGITAL TV PLAN REQUIREMENTS: • Quality objective: 95% service probability • One third of capacity to be reserved to local programming • Utilize European channelization in VHF band • Territorial coverage objective: 80% of the Italian territory (with inclusion of all Italian capoluoghi di provincia) • Transmission infrastructure positioned on the same position (site) • 260 planned sites

  34. DTT Technical Aspects • DIGITAL TV PLAN (I LEVEL) RESULTS: • 3 channels (frequency) per TV network (multiplexer) • National coverage with 17 TV channels • 6 TV planned network (multiplexer) reserved to local TV • 12 TV planned networks (multiplexer) reserved to national TV • 64 QAM better exploits available resources • All requirements set satisfied

  35. DTT Technical Aspects • DIGITAL TV PLAN (II LEVEL) REQUIREMENTS: • II level TV plan total number of sites: 260 • Constraint regarding maintenance of coverage established in the I level TV plan • 16 QAM (more robust) • Power greater than 200 W • Regional coverage area • Provincial coverage area

  36. DTT Technical Aspects • DIGITAL TV PLAN (II LEVEL) RESULTS: • AGCOM Delibera n 399/03/CONS • 126 regional networks served • 1272 provincial networks served • Toal number of served networks: 1398

  37. DTT Technical Aspects • Example: Spectrum Benefit • Comparison between terrestrial analogue TV and DTT planning based on the analogue TV plan (PNAF) and digital TV plan both developed by AGCOM • Plan resources: 51 (54 in the digital case) TV channels • 6 TV freq. channels VHF-III band • 45 (48 frequencies in the digital case) TV freq. channels UHF-V band

  38. DTT Technical Aspects • PlanningExercise Results:

  39. DTT Technical Aspects • Planning results: • DTT multiplies the resources (program number) by a factor of 4/5 in the case of national programs • DTT multiplies the resources (program number) by a factor of 3/4 in the case of local programs

  40. DTT Technical Aspects • Decoder definitions: • Zapper: only conversion between TV analogue format and digital TV format • Interactive decoder: enhances zapper because it allows the user also to utilize interactive applications • iDTV: it combines in the TV set the decoder functionalities • CA: for pay-TV applications • API: tied to interactivity (operating system analogy for PC)

  41. DTT Technical Aspects • Decoder market: • + 40 Million TV sets • + 20 million Households • Zapper price: about 150 Euro (25% marin) • Interactive decoders price: about 300 Euro (25% margin)

  42. DTT Technical aspects • Application Program Interface (API): • MHP platform has been chosen by the biggest broadcast operators • MHP Applications in terms of enhanced TV • MHP applications tied to interactivity for regional/local/government services

  43. DTT Technical Aspects • Interactivity: • Program-tied interactivity to enhance program content • T-learning • T-government in collaboration with local entity, University, Tegion and Public Administration • Application: On-line bet market • Return channel: wireless or cabled • SIM card (to identify user requesting a certain service)

  44. DTT Technical Aspects • Major broadcasters have invested in DTT • Investments cover head-end and regional hubs, distribution network and transmission network • As a rule of thumb: 45% transmission network, 35% distribution network, 15/20% play-out (head-end)

  45. DTT Technical Aspects • DTT started with: • DTT networks operating • Multicast of same programs available in terrestrial analogue • Multicast (satellite) of other programs • Some (still limited) new editorial programs

  46. DTT Technical Aspects • Rai DTT Experimentation phase status (N.B. press information source): • DTT network in operation • 2 multiplexer • RAI 1, RAI 2 and RAI 3 • Some satellite RAI program (News, sport, Edu) • Some new program (Rai Utile, Rai Doc)

  47. DTT Technical Aspects • RTI Experimentation phase status (N.B. press information source): • DTT network in operation • 1 multiplexer • Rete Quattro (analogue TV channel) • Some programms also available via sat (BBC World, 24 Ore TV, Coming Soon, ecc.) • Some local TV program

  48. DTT Technical Aspects • Other Broadcaster activity (N.B. press information source): • Some other broadcaster starting DTT experimentation: • Telecom Italia Media which is the holding of La 7TV, MTV Italia • 1 multiplexer • La 7 TV, MTV Italia programs in the DTT bouquet

  49. DTT Technical Aspects • Other Broadcaster activity (N.B. press information source): • Prima TV: Ben Hammar/TF1 • 1 DTT multiplexer • bouquet includes: Canale 5, Italia 1, SportItalia, La Chaine Info and a child program

  50. DTT Technical Aspects • Some other DTT activity: • Government subsidies (Finanziaria 2004 Law) • Government decoder contribution • 150 Euro per decoder with interactive features • Total: 110 Meuro (available in the Finanziaria 2004 Law) • User involvment in the experimentation (user monitoring to gather data and information about user preferences) • Family panel to verify user taste and preferences

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