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DoD Climate Programs Brief to the CCSPO 31 July 2002

. DoD RELIANCEBasic Research Plan

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DoD Climate Programs Brief to the CCSPO 31 July 2002

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    1. DoD Climate Programs Brief to the CCSPO 31 July 2002 Dr. James Andrews Office of Naval Research

    8. Program Inventory

    11. Overall S&T Vision & Investment Strategy: Sponsor the best integrated basic, applied, and developmental atmospheric research. Improve understanding and prediction of environmental parameters critical to USN and USMC platform, sensor, and weapon performance in littoral zones worldwide. Overall S&T Vision & Investment Strategy: Sponsor the best integrated basic, applied, and developmental atmospheric research. Improve understanding and prediction of environmental parameters critical to USN and USMC platform, sensor, and weapon performance in littoral zones worldwide.

    12. Lower Atmosphere Program Integration Linkage to Operational context: Helps guide S&T investment strategy Marine Boundary Layer Processes Coastal Prediction and Processes Large-Scale Processes Atmospheric Effects AssessmentLinkage to Operational context: Helps guide S&T investment strategy Marine Boundary Layer Processes Coastal Prediction and Processes Large-Scale Processes Atmospheric Effects Assessment

    13. Marine Meteorology Accs: Developed new methods of estimating cloud absorbtion and retrieval of cloud liquid water using LES modeling of aerosol and drizzle effects in marine stratus clouds. Demonstrated global one-year continuous simulation of tropospheric aerosols with excellent agreement with satellite and field measurements. Successfully tested 3.5D-Var wind and temp retrieval scheme using SPY-1 and NEXRAD radar data.Accs: Developed new methods of estimating cloud absorbtion and retrieval of cloud liquid water using LES modeling of aerosol and drizzle effects in marine stratus clouds. Demonstrated global one-year continuous simulation of tropospheric aerosols with excellent agreement with satellite and field measurements. Successfully tested 3.5D-Var wind and temp retrieval scheme using SPY-1 and NEXRAD radar data.

    14. Where are we going? Coupled air-sea modeling Aerosols and radiation (EO, dynamics & NWP) NOGAPS SkyHi (extend global skill beyond 5 days) Remote sensing of atmospheric parameters (exploit satellite data assimilation & radar DA) NOWCAST (push mesoscale modeling to higher resolution, faster time steps, on-scene, custom applications) METOC support to CBD, TBMD, Flight Ops, Strike Warfare, etc. Tactical Environmental processor for AEGIS radar (would give USN the world’s most powerful atmospheric sensing capability) Sub-seasonal climate prediction

    18. Integrated Surface Hourly (ISH) Database, A New Resource for Global Climate Data

    19. Why ?? Multiple data sources difficult to use -- Differing formats -- Differing time conventions (LST, GMT) -- Differing station numbering systems Need to make servicing more efficient Need for additional quality control Need for easier access and summaries

    20. The Results…. ~ 20,000 Stations Historically as early as 1900 to Present Version 1 & Version 2 - complete

    21. Master Environmental Library DMSO http://mel.dmso.mil/ The mission of MEL is to provide direct and timely access to natural environment information, data, and products, wherever they reside. This includes non-geospatial data such as models, algorithms, and documents, as well as basic environmental data. MEL is currently focused on DoD modeling and simulation users, but is accessible to other DoD, federal, commercial, and academic communities as well. For the warfighters, MEL supports a common interoperable view of the battlespace for mission planning, rehearsal, and execution. For the DoD decision makers, MEL supports modeling simulation for training, analysis, and acquisition, thereby helping to streamline and optimize these processes. The goal of MEL is to become the "One-Stop Environment Shop", where all DoD, and non-DoD, users can remotely access and request environmental resources to satisfy their diverse individual needs.

    22. MEL Resource Sites

    23. MEL Source Sites Naval Research Laboratory Monterey, Site status: Current National Geophysical Data Center, Site status: Current Air Force Weather Information Network, Site status: Current Environmental Scenario Generator, Site status: Current Fleet Numerical METOC Detachment, Site status: Current National Imagery and Mapping Agency, Site status: Current Air Force Combat Climatology Center, Site status: Current MSU Engineering Research Center, Site status: Current Naval Oceanographic Office, Site status: Current Simulation DataBase Facility, Site status: Current NASA Goddard Distributed Active Archive Center, Site status: Candidate U.S. Army Yuma Proving Ground, Site status: Candidate Army Research Laboratory, Site status: Inactive U.S. Army Topographic Engineering Center, Site status: Inactive

    24. Global Change in the Upper Atmosphere & Ionosphere with the ARGOS Satellite

    25. Thermosphere & Ionosphere - an Ideal Laboratory to Look for the First Signs of Global Change The Earth’s thermosphere is composed mostly of N2, O2 and O which are not IR active and cannot radiate away heat deposited from the Sun Major sink of heat is downward conduction where CO2, CH4 and O3 in the lower atmosphere can radiate to space At solar maximum thermospheric temperatures reach 1200 K – 1800 K There are no known feedback mechanisms in the upper atmosphere so a doubling of CO2 and CH4 (which might cause a 1-2 K change at the surface) will lead to a cooling of ~90K in the thermosphere (Roble, NCAR) The ionosphere would drop 20km globally High altitude odd nitrogen (NO, N) chemistry balance would shift by 500% or more This cooling will cause the neutral density to decrease by 70% or more at some altitudes

    26. SERDP Sponsored DoD Satellite Instruments Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) funded the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) to build ultraviolet remote sensing instruments NRL built limb-scanning spectrographs and limb-imagers for flight on the DoD Space Test Program Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS) High Resolution Air Glow/Aurora Spectroscopy (HIRAAS) experiment Global Imaging Monitor of the Ionosphere (GIMI) ARGOS Satellite launched February 1991

    27. Status of ARGOS Satellite Mission HIRAAS & GIMI measured profiles and images of airglow emission from the thermosphere & ionosphere (N2, O, O+, NO, Mg+, Fe+, N & T)) Data analysis is underway to help determine the thermospheric & ionospheric baseline density & temperature distribution from which to look for the first signs of global change

    28. NPOESS The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) merges Department of Defense (DoD) and Department of Commerce (DOC) meteorological satellite systems into a single national asset. NPOESS Mission Provide a national, operational, polar-orbiting, environmental remote-sensing capability Achieve National Performance Review (NPR) savings by converging DoD, and DOC/NOAA satellite programs Incorporate new technologies from NASA Encourage international cooperation

    29. NPOESS SENSORS Visible/IR Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) – cloud cover/ water vapor Cross-track IR Sounder (CrIS) – water vapor Conical MW Imager/Sounder (CMIS) – water vapor Ozone Mapper/Profiler Suite (OMPS) - ozone GPS Occultation Sensor (GPSOS) – scintillation in ionosphere Space Environmental Sensor Suite (SESS) – on orbit environment Aerosol Polarimeter (new) - aerosols Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS): In development by NASA, will provide global observations of temperature and moisture profiles at high temporal resolution Earth Radiation Budget Sensor (NASA) Solar Radiation Budget Sensor (NASA) Solar Irradiance Sensor (TSIS): In development by NASA

    30. Backup

    31. Proposal and Funding ESDIM and OGP Federal Climate Complex datasets -- NCDC US surface hourly - includes all Navy and Marine Corps -- USAF global surface hourly & synoptic -- NCDC US hourly precipitation Full period of digital record “Merge” into one global database

    32. NAVY Involvement Fleet Numerical METOC Detachment Asheville Providing funds and IT personnel support in FY 2001 and FY 2002 To Produce Online Data Summaries - Static Tables & On-Demand Summaries - Future: Graphs of Data & Summaries

    34. Air Force Weather Agency Air Force Weather Agency provides weather data for the Air Force. Through MEL, we provide subsets of current atmospheric aircraft, satellite, surface, upper-air observations and some forecast data.

    35. Environmental Scenario Generator The Environmental Scenario Generator is intended to provide an integrated, physically consistent environmental data set meeting a Modeling and Simulation (M&S) customer's requirements for an authoritative and realistic representation of atmospheric, oceanic, and/or space natural environment elements for specified regions, time frames, and conditions.

    36. Fleet Numerical Meteorology & Oceanography Detachment Asheville

    37. Mississippi State University Engineering Research Center

    38. Naval Oceanographic Office

    40. National Imagery and Mapping Agency The National Imagery and Mapping Agency's mission is to provide timely, relevant, and accurate imagery, imagery intelligence, and geospatial information in support of national security objectives. Through MEL, it provides CADRG, DTED0, DTOP, VMAP data, etc.

    41. Naval Research Laboratory Monterey

    42. Simulator Database Facility Simulator DataBase Facility provides computer simulator databases in SIF, OpenFlight, Target, ES4000, ES450 formats.

    43. ADVANCED CLIMATE MODELING ENVIRONMENTAL SIMULATIONS ACMES is a project that AFCCC uses to produce high-resolution climatological information for any region in the world; especially in regions where existing surface observational data are sparse or non-existent. This is done by running a numerical mesoscale model, using historical climatological data, to produce hourly data for a 10-year period of record at horizontal resolutions of 44 km and 11 km, typically. This hourly data is then summarized into standard climatological products.

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