Microsoft Office 2007 – Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

1. Microsoft Office 2007 – Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition Understanding Essential Computer Concepts

2. Objectives • Understand storage media • Explore data communications • Learn about networks • Learn about security threats • Understand system software • Understand application software Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

3. Understanding Storage Media • Magnetic storage devices • Store data as magnetized particles on mylar, which is then coated on both sides with a magnetic oxide coating Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

4. Understanding Storage Media • Common magnetic storage devices • hard disks—several magnetic oxide covered metal platters usually sealed in a case inside the computer • tape—inexpensive, slow, archival storage for large companies who need to back up large quantities of data. • floppy disks—flat circles of magnetic oxide-coated mylar enclosed in a hard plastic case; almost obsolete Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

5. Understanding Storage Media • Optical storage devices • polycarbonate discs coated with a reflective metal on which data is recorded using laser technology as a trail of tiny pits or dark spots in the surface of the disc • the data that these pits or spots represent can then be “read” with a beam of laser light Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

6. Understanding Storage Media • Types of optical storage devices • CD—can store 700 MB of data • DVD—can store between 4.7 and 15.9 GB of data • Blu-ray discs and HD-DVD can store between 15 and 50 GB of data Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

7. Understanding Storage Media • Flash memory—similar to ROM except that it can be written to more than once. • Flash memory cards • small, portable cards encased in hard plastic to which data can be written and rewritten • used in digital cameras, handheld computers, video game controllers, and other devices Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

8. Understanding Storage Media • USB flash storage device(USB drive, flash drive) • popular type of flash memory • available in a wide range of sizes from 32 MB to 16 GB • plug directly into the USB port of a personal computer • are about the size of a pack of gum and often have a ring that you can attach to your key chain. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

9. Erasing and Rewriting on CDs and DVDs • CD-ROMs are for “read-only” access. • CD-R drives allow you to record data on a CD-R disk. • CD-RW drives allow you to write data on a CD-RW disk and access and modify data. • DVD-R and DVD+R are recordable. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

10. Exploring Data Communications Data communications is the transmission of text, numeric, voice, or video data from one computer to another. The four essential components of data communications are: • Sender • Channel • Receiver • Protocols Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

11. Exploring Data Communications • A sender is the computer that originates the message. • The message is sent over a channel, such as a telephone. • The receiver is the computer at the message’s destination. • Protocols are the rules that establish the transfer of data between sender and receiver. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

12. Exploring Data Communications • Device driver (or simply driver) • handles the transmission protocol between a computer and its peripheral devices • a computer program that can establish communication because it contains information about the characteristics of your computer and of the device • Data bus • the data path between the microprocessor, RAM, and the peripherals along which communication travels Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

13. Exploring Data Communications Components needed to connect a printer to a computer Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

14. Exploring Data Communications PCs have several types of ports: • Parallel • Serial • SCSI • USB • MIDI • Ethernet Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

15. Exploring Data Communications • Parallel port—transmits data eight bits at a time • Serial port—transmits data one bit at a time • SCSI (small computer system interface, pronounced “scuzzy”) port—provides an interface for one or more peripheral devices at the same port • USB (Universal Serial Bus) port—a high-speed serial port which allows multiple connections at the same port Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

16. Exploring Data Communications • Sound card port—usually includes jacks for speakers and a microphone, which are designed to work with a MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface, pronounced “middy”) card • Ethernet port—used to connect to another computer, a LAN, a modem, or sometimes directly to the Internet; allows data to be transmitted at high speeds. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

17. Exploring Data Communications Power connection Computer ports and connections Mouse port Keyboard port Audio connection Monitor port FireWire port USB ports Network port Speaker and microphone connections Phone line connection Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

18. Learning about Networks • Network • connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices • Network interface card (NIC) • creates a communications channel between the computer and the network • a cable connects the NIC port to the network • Network software • establishes the communications protocols that will be observed on the network • controls the traffic flow of data traveling through the network Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

19. Learning about Networks • Server • acts as the central storage location for programs • provides mass storage for most of the data used on the network • Client—computers on a network dependent on a server • Client/server network—a network with server that acts as the central storage location • Peer-to-peer network • a network without a server • all of the computers are equal Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

20. Learning about Networks • Standalone computer—a personal computer that is not connected to a network • Workstation—a personal computer that is connected to a network • Node—any device connected to the network Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

21. Learning about Networks Server Workstation Printer Workstation Your local workstation Network configuration Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

22. Learning about Networks • LAN (local area network) • computers and peripherals located close to each other • WAN (wide area network) • more than one LAN connected together • the Internet is the largest example of a WAN • WLAN (wireless local area network) • computers and peripherals that use high-frequency radio waves instead of wires to communicate and connect in a network • Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) describes WLANs connected using a standard radio frequency established by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

23. Learning about Networks • PAN (personal area network)—a network that allows two or more devices located close to each other to communicate or to connect a device to the Internet • infrared technology—uses infrared light waves to beam data from one device to another • Bluetooth—uses short range radio waves to connect a device wirelessly to another device or to the Internet • WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) • allows computers to connect over many miles to a LAN • a WiMAX tower sends signals to a WiMAX receiver built or plugged into a computer Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

24. Learning about Networks Analog signal Digital signal Digital signal Modem Modem Sending site Receiving site Using modems to send and receive data Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

25. Learning about Security Threats • Security • refers to the steps a computer owner takes to prevent unauthorized use of or damage to the computer Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

26. Learning about Security Threats • Malware • describes any program that is intended to cause harm or convey information to others without the owner’s permission • Viruses • harmful programs that instruct your computer to perform destructive activities, such as erasing a disk drive • Antivirus software (virus protection software) searches executable files for the sequences of characters that may cause harm and disinfects the files by erasing or disabling those commands Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

27. Learning about Security Threats • Spyware • programs contained with other programs that track a computer user’s Internet usage and send this data back to the company or person that created it • usually installed without the computer user’s permission or knowledge • Anti-spyware software detects spyware and deletes them • Adware • software installed with another program usually with the user’s permission • generates advertising revenue for the program’s creator by displaying targeted ads to the program’s user Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

28. Learning about Security Threats • Firewall • prevents other computers on the Internet from accessing a computer and prevents programs on a computer from accessing the Internet without the computer user’s permission • can be either hardware or software • router • a device that controls traffic between network components • usually has a built-in firewall. • software firewalls track all incoming and outgoing traffic Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

29. Learning about Security Threats • Spoofed site • a Web site set up to look like another Web site, but which does not belong to the organization portrayed in the site • the URL (address on the Web) looks similar to a URL from the legitimate site • usually set up to try to convince customers of the real site to enter personal information • Phishing • the practice of sending e-mails to customers or potential customers of a legitimate Web site asking them to click a link in the e-mail • the link leads to a spoofed site • Pharming • when a criminal breaks into a DNS server (a computer responsible for directing Internet traffic) and redirect any attempts to access a particular Web site to the criminal’s spoofed site Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

30. Protecting Information with Passwords • Logging in • signing in with a user name and password • Strong password • at least eight characters • consists of upper- and lowercase letters and numbers • does not include common personal information Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

31. Understanding System Software • System software helps the computer carry out it s basic operating tasks. • The four types of system software are: • Operating systems • Utilities • Device drivers • Programming languages Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

32. Understanding System Software • Operatingsystem • controls the input and output (I/O) • allocates system resources • manages files on storage devices • guards against equipment failure • Operating environment • provides a graphical user interface (GUI) that acts as a liaison between the user and the computer Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

33. Understanding System Software • Utilities • a category of system software that augment the operating system by taking over some of its responsibility for allocating hardware resources • Device drivers • handle the transmission protocol between a computer and its peripherals • when you add a device to an existing computer, part of its installation includes adding its device driver to the computer’s configuration • Programming languages • used by a programmer to write computer instructions • the instructions are translated into electrical signals that the computer can manipulate and process. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

34. Icons (you might see additional icons on your screen) Gadgets (small programs; you might see additional or different gadgets on your screen) Start button Taskbar Quick Launch toolbar Understanding System Software Windows XP starting screen Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

35. Understanding Application Software • Application software • enables you to perform specific computer tasks Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

36. Understanding Application Software • Document production software • includes word processing software, desktop publishing software, e-mail editors, and Web authoring software • has a variety of features that assist you in writing and formatting documents, including changing the font (the style of type) and spell checking to help you avoid typographical and spelling errors • Spreadsheet software • a numerical analysis tool • used to create a worksheet composed of a grid of columns and rows • you type data into the cells, and enter mathematical formulas into other cells that reference the data Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

37. Understanding Application Software A wiggly red line indicates a possible spelling error Spell checking a document Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

38. Understanding Application Software Graph Cell B5 contains result of calculation performed by spreadsheet software Typical worksheet with numerical data and a graph Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

39. Understanding Application Software • Database management software • lets you collect and manage data • Database • a collection of information stored on one or more computers organized in a uniform format of records and fields • record—a collection of data items in a database • field—one piece of information in the record • An example of a database is the online catalog of books at a library; the catalog contains one record for each book in the library, and each record contains fields that identify the title, the author, and the subjects under which the book can be classified. Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

40. Understanding Application Software • Graphics software • allows you to create illustrations, diagrams, graphs, and charts • Presentation software • allows you to project a presentation before a group, print it out for quick reference, or transmit it to remote computers • Clip art • simple drawings that are included as collections with many software packages Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

41. Understanding Application Software • Photo editing software • allows you to manipulate digital photos • you can make the images brighter, add special effects to the photo, add additional images to a photo, or crop the photo to include only relevant parts of the image • Multimedia authoring software • allows you to record digital sound files, video files, and animations • Web site creation and management software • allows you to create and manage Web sites Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

42. Understanding Application Software • Information management software • keeps track of schedules, appointments, contacts, and “to-do” lists Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition

43. Understanding Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) • Object linking and embedding (OLE) • refers to the ability to use data from another file, called the source • Embedding • occurs when you copy and paste the source data in the new file • Linking • allows you to create a connection between the source data and the copy in the new file • the link updates the copy every time a change is made to the source data • Integration • the seamless nature of OLE among some applications Microsoft Office 2007-Illustrated Introductory, Windows XP Edition