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Byzantium (Part 1)

Byzantium (Part 1). 476-1453 (Fall of Rome – conquest by the Ottoman Turks). 1. Origins of the Eastern Roman Empire. Division of empire. Who? When? Founding of Constantinople. By whom? When?. 1. Origins of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Roman emperor Diocletian divided the empire in 286.

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Byzantium (Part 1)

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  1. Byzantium(Part 1) 476-1453 (Fall of Rome – conquest by the Ottoman Turks)

  2. 1. Origins of the Eastern Roman Empire • Division of empire. Who? When? • Founding of Constantinople. By whom? When?

  3. 1. Origins of the Eastern Roman Empire • The Roman emperor Diocletian divided the empire in 286.

  4. 1. Origins of the Eastern Roman Empire • The Roman emperor Constantine established in 330 his capital in the old city of Byzantium, which he renamed Constantinople (Constantinus-polis) after himself. • Rome was no longer the imperial capital.

  5. 2. The Byzantine empire • Byzantium or Constantinople? • Eastern Roman empire or Byzantine empire? • Byzantium, Constantinople: Istanbul

  6. 3. The Western Roman Empire • But…what happened to the Western Roman empire?

  7. 3. The Western Roman Empire • Germanic invasions 4th- 5th centuries (476)

  8. 4. Byzantine Empire • After the Western Roman empire falls in 476, Constantinople remains secure preserving the Eastern Empire. • Capital? • Form of government? • Language? • Religion? • Economy? • Population? • Cultural life?

  9. 4. Byzantine empire

  10. 4. Byzantine empire

  11. 4. Byzantine Empire • Capital: Constantinople • Form of government: autocracy: (divinized) emperor • Language: Greek • Religion: Christian (Orthodox) • Economy: trade and increasingly agriculture • Population: mixture of Greeks, Serbs, Turks, Bulgarians… • Cultural life: vibrant but not innovative

  12. 5. Byzantine Culture • Cultural legacy: • Greek intellectual legacy. • Political and legal system: • Roman political (legal, administrative) legacy. • Religion: • Christian religious legacy. • Result: a mixture of Christian principles and Greco-Roman ideals • Classical values and art are now put to the service of Christianity.

  13. 6. Orthodox Christianity • Iconoclastic controversy (717-787) • The worshiping of icons was seen as a blasphemy (idolatry). • Many religious images were destroyed

  14. 6. Orthodox Christianity

  15. 6. What do you think about… • the act of destroying (ancient) works of art for religious reasons (idolatry)?

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