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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. ___. Geography. ___ . Location ___. Peninsula jutting out into Mediterranean ___. 2,000 islands in Aegean & Ionian Seas ___. Seas ___. These seaways linked Greece ___. Allowed for country to get resources lacked. ___. Geography (cont’d). ___. Land

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Ancient Greece

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  1. Ancient Greece

  2. ___. Geography • ___ . Location • ___. Peninsula jutting out into Mediterranean • ___. 2,000 islands in Aegean & Ionian Seas • ___. Seas • ___. These seaways linked Greece • ___. Allowed for country to get resources lacked

  3. ___. Geography (cont’d) • ___. Land • ___. ¾ of land was mountains • ___. Only small amount could be farmed on • ___. Little fresh water • ___. Climate • ___. Between 48 degrees and 80 degrees • ___. “Outdoor” weather days

  4. Constructed Response • There are many features to Greece's geography. How do you think Greece is affected by its geography?

  5. ___. Governments • ___. Warring City States • ___. Different Governments caused war • ___. New Form of government formed to stop the warring countries • ___. Direct Democracy • ___. State ruled by “citizens” • ___. Rule based on “citizenship” • ___. Majority wins • ___. Began about 500 B.C.

  6. ___.Governments (cont’d) • ___. Oligarchy • ___. Sparta • ___. State ruled by a small military & wealthy group • ___. Controls the military • ___. Council of Elders to make major CITY decisions while men are away.

  7. Activity: Compare and Contrast • Greek Society Rules: • 1. Citizen: 18, male, and father a citizen • 2. Laws voted and created by all ‘citizens’ • 3. Leader chosen by the lot • 4. Juries’ size vary • 5. Executive branch – 500 men • 6. No lawyers, no appeals, 1 day trial

  8. Activity: Compare and Contrast • U.S. Society Rules: • 1. Citizen:___________________________ • 2. Law Creation:______________________ • 3. Leader Chosen:_____________________ • 4. Juries’ size:________________________ • 5. Executive branch:___________________ • 6. Trials:____________________________

  9. Activity: Compare and Contrast • Both • a. Political Power: Citizens • b. 3 branches of government • 1. Legislative branch passes the laws • 2. Executive branch carries out the laws • 3. Judicial conducts trials with paid jurors

  10. ____. Mycenaean Civilization • ___. Settlement • ___. People moved here from Eurasia • ___. Settled in Southern Greece • ____. Government • ___. Warrior Kings • ___. Different city states under their own control • ___. Ex: Athens, Gia, and Tiryns

  11. ____. Mycenaean (cont’d) • ___. Trade • ___. Made contact with Minoans • ___. Was a “Confined civilization” • ___. Saw promise that sea trade could bring to the cities • ___. Created a new type of Civilization • ___. War • ___. Trojans • ___. Caused the collapse?

  12. ___. Rise of Macedonia • __. Macedonians were descended from the Dorians • ___. Greeks looked down on them as backward mountaineers • __. King Philip II • __. Became king in 359 B.C. • __. Spent 3 years as a hostage in Thebes prior to becoming king

  13. ___. Rise of Macedonia (cont’d) • __. As king, Philip had three goals • __. Create strong army • __. Unify Greek city-states under Macedonia • __. Destroy Persian empire

  14. ___. Rise of Macedonia • ___. Greek city-states weakened by Peloponnesian War • __. Would not cooperate in resistance • ___. Philip conquered all except Sparta • __. Before he could begin a war against Persia, he was murdered

  15. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Came to power after Philip • __. Commander in Macedonian army at 16 • __. Respected for courage and military skill • __. Only 20 as ruler of Macedonia and Greece • __. Well educated—tutored by Aristotle

  16. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Early Conquests • ___. In 334 B.C., led 30,000 soldiers and 5,000 cavalry into Asia • __. Opened his campaign • __. “West against East”

  17. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Early Conquest (cont’d) • __. At Granicus River, Alexander won • __. Sent 300 suits of Persian armor to Athens as tribute to Athena • __. Second major battle against Persians at Issus, Syria • __. Alexander’s superb tactics won

  18. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Early Conquests (cont’d) • __. Captures Phoenician seaports • __. Cuts off Persian supplies • __. Persian fleet surrenders

  19. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Early Conquests (cont’d) • __. Invades Egypt • __. People tired of Persians • __. Declare Alexander a pharaoh • __. Establishes city of Alexandria

  20. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Final Solution • __. In 331 B.C., invaded Mesopotamia • __. Smashed Darius’ main army near Tigris River • __. Captured numerous cities in Persian empire

  21. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Final Solution • __. Alexander captures • __. Babylon • __. Persepolis • __. Susa • __. Becomes the leader of Persia

  22. ___. Alexander the Great • __. Death • __. After a short illness, Alexander went to Babylon, his chosen capital • ___. Weakened from wounds, fever, and probably excessive alcohol, he died at the age of 32

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