Robinson Crusoe Jane Eyre Wuthering Heights David Copperfield

1. Robinson CrusoeJane EyreWuthering HeightsDavid Copperfield 中外文學 黃心雅 教授 2008年12月18日

2. Novel as Genre • Novel: a popular form of literature, in which fictional depictions of life and events are described in written prose. • History of novel: • The seventeenth-century genre conflict between long romances and short novels, novellas, has brought definitions of both traditions into the modern usage of the term. The popularity of novels has historically increased with the rise of middle class and improvements in printing technology and literacy. • The moment for novels and romances to become "literature" came in the second half of the 18th century.

3. Daniel Defoe as an Author • Birth:1661—1731 • Works: -Robinson Crusoe -Moll Flanders • Writer, journalist, and pamphleteer • five hundred books, pamphlets, and journals • one of the earliest practitioners of the novel and one of the founders of the English novel http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Defoe

4. Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) www.library.usyd.edu.au/.../modernity/defoe.html

5. Robinson Crusoe: Major Characters • Robinson Crusoe- The novel's protagonist and narrator • Friday- A twenty-six-year-old Caribbean native and cannibal who converts to Protestantism under Crusoe's tutelage upload.wikimedia.org

6. Robinson Crusoe: Chapter XXV • Robinson Crusoe: My island was now peopled, and I thought myself very rich in subjects; and it was a merry reflection, which I frequently made, how like a king I looked. First of all, the whole country was my own mere property, Baso that I had an undoubted right of dominion. Secondly, my people were perfectly subjected. I was absolute lord and lawgiver, they all owed their lives to me, and were ready to lay down their lives, if there had been occasion of it, for me.

7. Charlotte Brontëas an Author • Birth:1816—1855 • Works: -Jane Eyre (1847) • Shirley (1849) • Villette (1853) • The Professor (1857) • the eldest of the three Brontë sisters • She published under the masculine pen name Currer Bell http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB

8. Charlotte Brontë wrote in “Biographical Notice Of Ellis And Acton Bell”: • “Averse to personal publicity, we veiled our own names under those of Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell; the ambiguous choice being dictated by a sort of conscientious scruple at assuming Christian names positively masculine, while we did not like to declare ourselves women, because -- without at that time suspecting that our mode of writing and thinking was not what is called 'feminine' -- we had a vague impression that authoresses are liable to be looked on with prejudice; we had noticed how critics sometimes use for their chastisement the weapon of personality, and for their reward, a flattery, which is not true praise.“(from the preface to the 1910 edition of Wuthering Heights)

9. A female bildungsroman—the growth of a female hero • Journey motif: Jane Eyre’s journey from Gatehead, to Lowood, Thornfield Hall, to Morton and finally Ferndean Manor to be reunited with Rochester

10. Charlotte Brontë'sJane Eyre(1847) bookarazzi.blogspot.com/2008/09/jane-eyre.html

11. Jane Eyre(in BBC) http://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/content/image_galleries/jane_eyre_gallery.shtml?4

12. Jane Eyre: Major Characters • Jane Eyre: the protagonist and narrator of the novel • Edward Rochester: Jane's employer and the master of Thornfield • Bertha Mason- Rochester's clandestine wife Mrs. Reed • St. John Rivers: Jane's benefactor after she runs away from Thornfield, giving her food and shelter. The minister at Morton

13. Jane Eyre: Chapter 4 • Jane Eyre : “I am glad you are no relation of mine. I will never call you aunt again as long as I live. I will never come to visit you when I am grown up; and if any one asks me how I liked you, and how you treated me, I will say the very thought of you makes me sick, and that you treated me with miserable cruelty . . . You think I have no feelings, and that I can do without one bit of love or kindness; but I cannot live so: and you have no pity. I shall remember how you thrust me back . . . into the red-room . . . And that punishment you made me suffer because your wicked boy struck me—knocked me down for nothing. I will tell anybody who asks me questions this exact tale. 'Ere I had finished this reply, my soul began to expand, to exult, with the strangest sense of freedom, of triumph, I ever felt. It seemed as if an invisible bond had burst, and that I had struggled out into unhoped-for liberty. . . .”

14. Jane Eyre: Chapter 12 • Jane thought: “Women are supposed to be very calm generally: but women feel just as men feel; they need exercise for their faculties, and a field for their efforts as much as their brothers do; they suffer from too rigid a restraint, too absolute a stagnation, precisely as men would suffer; and it is narrow-minded in their more privileged fellow-creatures to say that they ought to confine themselves to making puddings and knitting stockings, to playing on the piano and embroidering bags. It is thoughtless to condemn them, or laugh at them, if they seek to do more or learn more than custom has pronounced necessary for their sex.”

15. I have now been married ten years. I know what it is to live entirely for and with what I love best on earth. I hold myself supremely blest—blest beyond what language can express; because I am my husband’s life as fully is he is mine. No woman was ever nearer to her mate than I am: ever more absolutely bone of his bone and flesh of his flesh. I know no weariness of my Edward’s society: he knows none of mine, any more than we each do of the pulsation of the heart that beats in our separate bosoms; consequently, we are ever together. To be together is for us to be at once as free as in solitude, as gay as in company. We talk, I believe, all day long: to talk to each other is but a more animated and an audible thinking. All my confidence is bestowed on him, all his confidence is devoted to me; we are precisely suited in character—perfect concord is the result.

16. Mr. Rochester continued blind the first two years of our union; perhaps it was that circumstance that drew us so very near—that knit us so very close: for I was then his vision, as I am still his right hand.

17. Emily Brontëas an Author • Birth:1818—1848 • Works: -Wuthering Heights • second eldest of the three surviving Brontë sisters, between Charlotte and Anne. • She published under the masculine pen name Ellis Bell. • a joint collection of poetry in 1846, Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell published by the Brontë sisters who adopted androgynous first names http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB

18. Emily Brontë'sWuthering Heights(1847) writeonbookgroup.wordpress.com

19. Wuthering Heights: Major Characters • Heathcliff: the main character; An orphan brought to live at Wuthering Heights by Mr. Earnshaw • Catherine Earnshaw: the daughter of Mr. Earnshaw; Heathcliff’s love • Edgar Linton: Catherine's husband and Heathcliff's rival • Cathy Linton: Daughter of Catherine and Edgar helenyan2002.blogbus.com

20. Wuthering Heights: Chapter IX • Catherine : It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now; so he shall never know how I love him; and that, not because he's handsome, Nelly, but because he's more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same, and [Edgar's] is as different as a moonbeam from lightning, or frost from fire.

21. Charles Dickensas an Author • Birth: 1812 – 1870 • Works: short stories, plays, novellas, novels, fiction and non • one of the most popular English novelists in Victorian Age, as well as a vigorous social campaigner • He became known the world over for his remarkable characters, his mastery of prose in the telling of their lives, and his depictions of the social classes, mores and values of his times. • the spokesman for the poor for he definitely brought much awareness to their plight, the downtrodden and the have-nots. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Dickens

22. Fiction A Christmas Carol A Tale of Two Cities All The Year Round American Notes Bleak House David Copperfield Dombey and Son Great Expectations Hard Times Holiday Romance Hunted Down Oliver Twist Non-Fiction A Child's History of England Miscellaneous Papers Short Stories “The Child's Story” “A Christmas Tree” “Nobody's Story” “The Poor Relation's Story” “The Schoolboy's Story” “What Christmas is as we Grow Older” Dicken’s works

23. Charles Dickens'David Copperfield(1850) or The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery http://www.troublewithroy.com/2008/03/best-charles-dickens-book.html charlesdickenspage.com/char_c-d.html

24. David CopperfieldA Bildungsroman the character of Uriah Heep • Themes: • The Plight of the Weak • Wealth and Class https://www.allposters.com/-sp/Uriah-Heep-fro...

25. David Copperfield: Major Characters • David Copperfield- the protagonist and narrator of the novel • Agnes Wickfield- David's true love and second wife, the daughter of Mr. Wickfield • Betsy Trotwood-David’s eccentric and yet kindhearted aunt • James Steerforth- a condescending, self-centered villain • Clara Peggotty- David's nanny and caretaker • Uriah Heep- a two-faced, conniving villain who puts on a false show of humility and meekness to disguise his evil intentions • Dora Spenlow- David's first wife and first real love

26. David Copperfield: Chapter XLII • David Copperfield: “My meaning simply is that whatever I have tried to do in life, I have tried with all my heart to do well . . . I have always been thoroughly in earnest .” www.amazon.co.uk