Foreign language teaching center Shanghai University of TCM

1. Listening of TCM English Foreign language teaching center Shanghai University of TCM

2. PASSAGE ONE • discomfort n. 不适 • contracture n. 挛缩 • tendon n. 腱 • amenorrhea n. 闭经，无月经 • menorrhagia n. 月经过多 • peripheral adj. 外围的 • strenuous adj. 使劲的，紧张的 • blurred vision 视觉模糊

3. 1. fill in the missing words • The liver is capable of storing blood and regulating the volume of circulating blood. Firstly, a certain amount of blood stored in the liver can (1) . • If the liver fails to function properly in storing blood, such (2)or bleeding will occur. When the liver-blood is not adequate enough to nourish the eyes, dryness and discomfort of the eyes with blurred vision, or night blindness are likely to occur.

4. If the liver-blood (3) , the contracture of tendons with vessels, numbness of limbs and inflexible joints will appear; if the liver-blood is (4) , scanty menstruation or even amenorrhea may occur in women. To sum up, (5)may give rise to such symptoms as menorrhagia or even metrorrhagia.

5. Regulating the volume of circulating blood is the principal role (6) _________________to all parts of the body, especially to the peripheral portion of the body. (7), the volume of circulating blood in every part of the body remains relatively constant, but varies with the amount of activities the body engages in, and with emotional as well as climatic changes, etc.

6. During strenuous activity or intense excitement the liver timely (8) to the peripheral portion of the body to meet its demands, while during rest or in a calm mood, part of the circulating blood (9)___________________ due to the reduced amount of activities of the body and relatively (10) ___________________ for the peripheral blood.

7. 2. Questions & Answers • ⑴ What are the two main functions of liver in governing the blood? • ⑵ When the liver-blood is not adequate enough to nourish the eyes, what would happen to the eyes?

8. ⑶ What would give rise to symptoms such as menorrhagia or even metrorrhagia? ⑷ How can the liver regulate the volume of circulating blood? ⑸ When would part of the circulating blood returning to the liver to be stored?

9. PASSAGE TWO New Words and Expressions • protracted adj. 拖延的 • predispose vt. 使偏向于 • endowment n. 天资 • sturdy physique 体格健壮 • exuberance n. 丰富，健康

10. 1.fill in the missing words • The occurrence of disease is closely related to internal and external environment. External environment refers mainly to living and working surroundings, including climatic variations, (1) . Closely bound up with nature, man gradually adapts himself to it in a protracted struggle with it. However, (2)or pollution of living and working surroundings predispose man to disease.

11. By internal environment is mainly meant normal qi of the body proper. The strength of normal qi is closely linked with the constitutional and mental state of the body. For instance, a strong and vigorous constitution is a manifestation of sufficient normal qi while (3) , a manifestation of deficient normal qi.

12. However, a strong constitution relies on natural endowment, diet and nutrition and physical exercise. Generally speaking, those (4) , an adequate supply of nutrients and proper physical exercise certainly turn out to be persons of sturdy physique; otherwise, they (5).

13. In addition, mental state is directly affected by emotional factors. Joyful emotions and mental happiness bring about (6) , coordination between functions of zang-fu organs and exuberance of normal qi. Conversely, (7) lead to imbalance between yin and yang, and qi and blood, dysfunction of zang-fu organs and weakened normal qi.

14. Therefore, (8) are usually accompanied by exuberance of normal qi and strong resistance to disease. Consequently, it is difficult (9) . Even if they manage to do so, the disease they produce can be easily warded off. Conversely, a weak physique and emotional depression will bring about decreased normal qi and weakened resistance, both of which, in turn, (10)due to invasion by pathogens and often aggravate it once it occurs.

15. True or False • ⑴ External environment refers mainly to living and working surroundings, such as climatic variations, geographical features, environmental sanitation, etc. ( ) • ⑵ The strength of normal qi is not closely linked with the constitutional and mental state of the body. ( )

16. ⑶ An adequate supply of nutrients and proper physical exercise will not necessarily turn out to be persons of sturdy physique. ( ) ⑷ Mental state has direct relation with emotional factors. ( ) ⑸ A sturdy constitution and emotional depression will bring about decreased normal qi and weakened resistance. ( )