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Materials Handling

Materials Handling. Marketing Logistics There is no audio on this presentation. Unit Loads. Unit load formation equipment is used to restrict materials so that they maintain their integrity when handled a single load during transport and for storage.

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Materials Handling

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  1. Materials Handling Marketing Logistics There is no audio on this presentation.

  2. Unit Loads • Unit load formation equipment is used to restrict materials so that they maintain their integrity when handled a single load during transport and for storage. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  3. Self-restraining (no equipment). Pallets. Skids. Slipsheets. Tote pans. Pallet boxes/skid boxes. Bins, baskets, racks. Cartons. Bags. Bulk load containers. Crates. Intermodal containers. Strapping tape/glue. Shrink-wrap/stretch wrap. Palletizers. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website Types of Unit Load Equipment

  4. Advantages More items can be handled at the same time, reducing number of trips and, potentially, handling costs, loading, unloading times, product damage. Enables the use of standardized material handling equipment. Disadvantages Time spent forming and breaking down the unit load. Cost of containers/pallets and other load restraining materials used in the unit load Empty containers/pallets may need to be returned to their point of origin. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website Unit Loads

  5. Pallets Platform with enough clearance beneath its top surface (or face) to enable the insertion of forks for subsequent lifting purposes Materials: Wood (most common), paper, plastic, rubber, and metal. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  6. Skids • Platform (typically metal) with enough clearance to enable a platform truck to move underneath for lifting. • Forks can also be used to handle skids since the clearance of a skid is greater than that of a pallet • Compared to a pallet, a skid is usually used for heavier loads and when stacking is not required. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  7. Slipsheets • Thick piece of paper, corrugated fiber, or plastic upon which a load is placed. • Tabs on the sheet are grabbed by a special push/pull lift truck attachment. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  8. Tote Pans • Reusable container used to unitize and protect loose discrete items • Typically used for in-process handling • Returnable totes provide alternative to cartons for distribution Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  9. Pallet Boxes/Skid Boxes Reusable container used to unitize and protect loose items for fork/platform truck handling Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  10. Cartons • Disposable container used to unitize and protect loose discrete items • Typically used for distribution. • Dimensions always specified as sequence: Length x Width x Depth, where length is the larger, and width is the smaller, of the two dimension of the open face of the carton, and depth is the distance perpendicular to the length and width Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  11. Bags • Disposable container used to unitize and protect bulk materials. • Typically used for distribution. • Polymerized plastic ("poly") bags available from light weight (1 mil.) to heavy weight (6 mil.) in flat and gusseted styles. • Dimensions of bag specified as: Width x Length, for flat bags, and Width x Depth (half gusset) x Length, for gusseted bags. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  12. Bulk Load Containers • Reusable container used to unitize and protect bulk materials. • Includes drums, cylinders, etc. • Used for both distribution and in-process handling. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  13. Crates • Disposable container used to protect discrete items. • Typically used for distribution. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  14. Intermodal Container • Reusable container used to unitize and protect loose discrete items. • Enables a load to be handled as a single unit when it is transferred between road, rail, and sea modes of transport. • It is not as common to use intermodal containers for airfreight transport because of aircraft shape and weight restrictions. • The standard outside dimensions of intermodal containers are: 20 or 40 ft. in length; 8 ft. in width; and 8, 8.5, • or 9.5 ft. in height; less 8 in. of length, 5 in. of width, and 9.5 in. of height to determine the inside dimensions. • Typical sea transport costs per 40-ft container are: $3000–4000 from Japan to the US west coast, • $4000–5000 from Singapore to the US west coast, and $2500–3500 from Europe to the US east coast; • transport costs for a 20-ft. container is 70% of the costs of a 40-ft. container [15] Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  15. Strapping/Tape/Glue • Used for load stabilization. • Straps are either steel or plastic. • Plastic strapping that shrinks is used to keep loads from becoming loose during shipment. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  16. Shrink Wrap/Stretch Wrap • Allows irregular loads to be stabilized. • In shrink-wrapping, a film or bag is placed over the load and then heat is applied to shrink the film or bag. • Most shrink-wrapping being replaced by stretch-wrapping, where a film is wound around the load while the film is stretched. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  17. Palletizers • Manual palletizing. • Robotic pick-and-place palletizers. • Conventional stripper-plate palletizers.

  18. Manual palletizing • Operators arrange items into the desired pattern used to form the unit load • Semi-mechanized palletizers use operators to arrange items into the desired pattern for each layer of the unit load and a powered device is used to transfer layers onto a pallet and then lower the load for the next layer. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  19. Robotic pick-and-place palletizers • Fully automated device to build unit loads. • Used when flexibility is required. • Greatest limitation is capacity. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  20. Conventional stripper-plate palletizers: In-Line • Fully automated device to build unit loads. • Used when high throughput of identical loads is required. Problem") • Capacity is typically greater (30–180 items per minute) than pick and place, but not as flexible. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

  21. Conventional stripper-plate palletizers – Right Angle • Right angle" pattern formation picture)—very flexible patterns are possible; can handle a wide variety of case sizes and types; limited capacity (up to 80 items per minute); compact design. Source: College Industry Council on Material Handling Education website

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