1 / 22

How Did the Foundations of Historical Globalization Affect People?

How Did the Foundations of Historical Globalization Affect People?. Lesson 2 – Chapter 5. Examine Fig. 5-5 on p. 120…. What can you infer about London in 1616?. The Natural Environment? Buildings and other structures? Human Activities? Distinctive aspects of the drawing?

jerica
Download Presentation

How Did the Foundations of Historical Globalization Affect People?

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. How Did the Foundations of Historical Globalization Affect People? Lesson 2 – Chapter 5

  2. Examine Fig. 5-5 on p. 120…

  3. What can you infer about London in 1616? • The Natural Environment? • Buildings and other structures? • Human Activities? • Distinctive aspects of the drawing? • The purpose of the drawing? • What would people think of London if this drawing was the only source of information?

  4. Purpose of the painting?… • To show London in its best light, to show London as a major trading city and port, to “sell” London, to please the person who commissioned the painting.

  5. Real illustration of London in 1616? • London in 16161 was: • Crowded • Noisy • Dirty • Unhealthy • Had slum areas • no proper sewage system or clean water supply

  6. Rise of the Middle Class • In the centuries after the fall of Rome in 476 CE, European society were engulfed in wars - people lived in isolated, self-sufficient communities. • Social status was often determined by birth, and social power was defined by the amount of land a person owned. • Absolutism – a theory of government that gives all power to the monarchy. • Kings and/or Queens ruled with absolutism.

  7. Rise of the Middle Class • The economy was based on arrangements between the lords who owned large rural estates and the peasants or serfs who worked for them. • In return for the lord’s protection, peasants and serfs gave their loyalty and obedience. • At the same time, towns and cities were growing - attracting traders, craftspeople, bankers, entrepreneurs, artists, and scholars.

  8. Rise of the Middle Class • These earliest townspeople and city dwellers were the earliest middle class — people who earned money by practising a trade or craft. • Their independence fostered a sense of individualism, a belief that people should be able to act freely. • As a result, they often valued education and welcomed innovations such as exploration, scientific discoveries, and new technologies. • Thus the Age of Reason (1650 and 1800) was born – people began to rely on reason to solve their problems rather than on accepted ways of thought.

  9. Rise of the Middle Class • As the middle class grew larger and more influential, trade became even more important — and Europeans began to look for ways to increase profits by expanding trade.

  10. Read p. 122 - Global Competition for Trade • In the centuries after Columbus’s first expedition European countries with strong seafaring traditions — Portuguese, Spanish, British, Dutch, and the French - began competing to establish colonial empires in the Americas and on other continents. • This European imperialism was motivated by Gold, Glory and God. • Gold – increase wealth in a nation • Glory – the desire for adventures – make a name for oneself • God – the desire of Christian missionaries to find converts • This style of Old Imperialism brought economic prosperity, and economic prosperity brought power.

  11. Read p. 122 - Mercantilism • From the 16th to the 18th centuries, European governments strictly controlled trade. To ensure prosperity, they believed that the balance of trade must favour the home country: its exports must be higher than its imports. • As a result, colonies were viewed as a source of cheap raw materials. • A colony’s raw materials were to be shipped to the home country and only there could they be used to make finished products. • The products made in the European country were then shipped back to the colony and sold.

  12. Read p. 122 - Mercantilism • To keep their own colonial markets strong, governments often prohibited colonies from importing goods from other European countries. • This eliminated competition and meant that people in colonies could buy only goods made in the home country – a controlled market to sell goods to.

  13. Read p. 122 – Decline of Mercantilism • 18th century - many people began to resist mercantilism - especially strong in Britain’s American colonies. • 1776 – American colonists had no say in British politics and therefore had taxation without representation – no choice in what taxes they would be pay. • The American colonists revolted against the British forming their own United States of America.

  14. Read p. 122 – Decline of Mercantilism • 1776 - Adam Smith published The Wealth of Nations. • This book challenged government economic control and advocated free trade, competition, and choice as routes to economic prosperity. • Smith’s book set forth the groundwork for an economic system that would later become known as capitalism. • A New Imperialism was born focusing mainly on acquiring wealth – increasing the need for factories

  15. A New Kind of Revolution • In the 1700s conditions in Great Britain led to the rapid growth of the textile industry – cloth - which in turn led to huge changes in many other industries. • Textile industry was a trigger industry – because of it new businesses were created

  16. Factors for Success • Exploration and colonialism • Seapower • Political stability • Government support • Growth of private investment A Revolution in Great Britain During the late 1700s changes in technology began based on the use of power-driven machinery. This era is called the Industrial Revolution.

  17. Britain’s Big Advantage The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain. • Had essential elements for economic success • Factors of production or the means of production • Land – natural resources • Labour – human labour • Capital – money, equipment, investments

  18. Read p. 124 - Effects of European colonial settlement • Once European countries established colonies, they encouraged settlers to emigrate from their home country to the newly acquired lands. • This emigration served a number of purposes: • Settlers provided a pool of people to run the colony • supervise the gathering of resources • protect the home country’s trading interests

  19. Read p. 124 - Effects of European colonial settlement • European peasants were driven off land their family had worked for generations. • Encouraging these peasants to emigrate reduced the potential for conflict at home and helped establish European customs and culture in the colony.

  20. Read p. 124 - Effects of European colonial settlement • As new settlers moved in, they usually displaced the Indigenous peoples who had lived on the land. • This sometimes created conflict as one Indigenous group was forced to migrate to land that had traditionally been regarded as another group’s territory.

More Related