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Case 2010-9

Case 2010-9. WELCOME TO A PARALLEL UNIVERSE: VETERINARY MEDICINE. VETERINARY MEDICINE AND MEDICINE. Some things in common, some things different CLINICAL DISORDERS VETERINARY JOURNALS Muscular dystrophy Veterinary Pathology Rheumatoid arthritis Journal of Comparative Pathology

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Case 2010-9

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  1. Case 2010-9 • WELCOME • TO A • PARALLEL UNIVERSE: • VETERINARY MEDICINE

  2. VETERINARY MEDICINE AND MEDICINE • Some things in common, some things different • CLINICAL DISORDERSVETERINARY JOURNALS • Muscular dystrophy Veterinary Pathology • Rheumatoid arthritis Journal of Comparative Pathology • Motor neuron disease Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound • Cardiomyopathy Veterinary Dermatology • Glaucoma Veterinary Ophthalmology • Pemphigus Equine Veterinary Journal • Polymyositis Feline Medicine and Surgery • Diabetes mellitus Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica

  3. Case 2010-9 • CASE SUMMARY • domestic cats (most female) on a study • 42/45 developed signs of spinal cord disease • (not an investigation of neurologic disease) • severity of signs varied • post mortem examinations: • Institution A • Cornell • Material submitted: 1. H&E section of the spinal cord

  4. 2010-9

  5. 2010-9

  6. LFBCEV GFAP

  7. LFBCEV

  8. BIELSCHOWSKY

  9. LECTIN sWGA IDENTIFIES THE MACROPHAGES

  10. TWO QUESTIONS 1. Morphologic diagnosis 2. Etiology

  11. TWO QUESTIONS • Morphologic diagnosis – spinal cord leukomyelopathy • The etiology involves irradiation – what was irradiated?

  12. TWO QUESTIONS • Morphologic diagnosis – spinal cord leukomyelopathy • The etiology involves irradiation – what was irradiated? • The food. • This feline leukomyelopathy is caused by the consumption of • dry food that has been irradiated.

  13. LEUKOMYELOPATHY (LM) IN CATS • Year seen or Where Number of • published clinical cases • …………………………………………………………………………. • 1996 USA (Cornell) 42 (F) • 2007 UK/Ireland 190 (M&F) • 2009 USA (Wisconsin) ? (F) • 2009 Australia 87 (M&F) • ………………………………………………………………………….. • SUMMARY • Male and female cats • 3 mo to 15 yr of age • Most domestic breed; few Siamese, Burmese, etc • (apparently not a common ancestry)

  14. WHY IRRADIATE FOOD? • To prevent contamination of a specific-pathogen-free environment. • To reduce microbiological contamination and so prevent spoilage • and increase shelf life. • WHAT DOES IRRADIATION DO? • Gamma irradiation results (among other effects) in the production of • ions and free radicals which can kill or damage pathogenic organisms • in food. • This reduces the use of fungicides, other chemicals, etc.

  15. GAMMA IRRADIATION OF FOOD • Cat • Routine: (one lab) 36.3-47.3 kGy • Experimental LM: low dose 25.7-38.1 kGy • high dose 38.1-53.6 kGy • Man [40 years] • Routine: 1-10 kGy • Some foods (eg dried herbs, spices) to 30kGy • (Child et al. 2009)

  16. “INCUBATION PERIOD OF LM”First ingestion to onset of neurologic disease • Spontaneous cases: about 4 months • 2.5 – 6 months • Experimental cases: 140 – 174 days (~4.5 – 6mo)

  17. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 235:355, 2009.

  18. FINAL QUESTION • Are there implications • for other species?

  19. THE ROYAL VETERINARYCOLLEGE, LONDON, UK

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