Employing Simulations and Interactivity for Highly Motivational Environments

1. Employing Simulations and Interactivity for Highly Motivational Environments Curt Bonk, Professor, Indiana University President, CourseShare.com cjbonk@indiana.edu http://php.indiana.edu/~cjbonk http://CourseShare.com

2. What about in the oil and gas industry?

3. Electronic Collaboration is Getting Complex!!! • Joanne McMorrow, marketing manager at in Accenture’s human performance group, uses Accenture’s Knowledge eXchange to share documents and track progress of her group projects, NetMeetings and her telephone to participate in team meetings, and myLearning.com to take courses and track her personal-learning budget. Fast Company, “Virtually There,” March 2002, p. 113.

4. http://PublicationShare.com

9. What is the single biggest obstacle to e-learning continuing to grow and fulfilling its potential?1. The cost of development?2. Lack of human contact?3. Reluctance of training departments to change? The problem is much more likely to be plain boredom

10. Current Courseware System • “Slow development time.” • “Not interactive.” • “Low interactivity, boring.” • “…lack of bookmarking, tracking, eval…” • “XYZ is powerful and intuitive. It is not always reliable.” • “It is comprehensive, scalable, and intuitive.” • “From a cost posture, they are, quite simply, unbeatable.”

11. From Learning Designers to Experience Designers(Reinhard Ziegler, March 2002, e-learning) “How are we going to create environments, simulations, and real learning experiences unless they’ve participated in them and reflected on their importance for themselves?”…the key is “how to design the interaction so the user lives the experience”

12. Corporate Study 55% did not track or did not know their completion rates Of those that did, 22% reported completion rates of less than a fourth of students. Nearly half reported less than 50% completion rates Only 2% reported 100% completion. Lack of Motivation or Incentive to Complete!!!

13. E-Learning: Harnessing the hype. Cohen & Payiatakis (2002, Feb). Performance Improvement, 41(7), 7-15. …both instructional and graphic (design)…must be compelling and engaging enough to keep the learner involved, interested, and stimulated…The ideal future is a learning experience designed to be memorable, motivational, and magical if it is to make a lasting impact on the capabilities of the learner.

14. Motivating Employees During Down Times, Training Magazine, April 2002 “True motivation comes from within. Programs of manipulation, incentive schemes and other gimmicks never bring about the ongoing change that is truly needed. Ultimately, we have to be inwardly motivated and emotionally engaged while doing it.” R. Brayton Bowen, Author of Recognizing and Rewarding Employees.

15. Online Training Boring?From Forrester, Michelle Delio (2000), Wired News. (Interviewed 40 training managers and knowledge officers)

16. Part I. Advice on Asynchronous E-Learning

17. Types of Asynchronous Activities • Introductory Activities and Ice Breakers • Games and Simulations • Perspectives from Cases, Internships, Jobs, Field Experiences • Learner-Content Interaction, Self-Testing, e-Books • Summary and Reflective Writing • Web Resource Reviews • Interactive Questioning • Virtual Debates • Secret Coaches and Protégés, Critical Friends • Problem-Based Learning and Team Projects

18. 1. Introductory Activities a. Introductions: require not only that students introduce themselves, but also that they find and respond to two other participants who have something in common (Serves dual purpose of setting tone and having students learn to use the tool) b. Two Truths, One Lie Tell 2 truths and 1 lie about yourself Class votes on which is the lie

19. 1. More Intro/Ice Breakers c. Eight Nouns Activity: 1. Introduce self using 8 nouns 2. Explain why choose each noun 3. Comment on 1-2 peer postings d. Coffee House Expectations 1. Have everyone post 2-3 course expectations 2. Instructor summarizes and comments on how they might be met (or make public commitments of how they will fit into busy schedules!)

20. 2. Games and Simulations “There’s something new on the horizon, though: computer-based soft skills simulations, which let learners practice skills such as negotiation and team building.” Clark Aldrich, The State of Simulations, Sept. 2001, Online Learning

21. Mark Brodsky, May 7, 2003 • “Another business driver that will ultimately perpetuate an important trend in e-learning, specifically the greater use of simulation-based e-learning, is the migration of more and more services to automated or "self-service" applications. With the greater use of self-service applications, the type of training organizations provide their employees will change.”

22. Marty Siegel, IU Professor, and Founder of Wisdom Tools • Simulations are data driven. There's a model of behavior that underlies them, simulating some process or behavior. • A simulation approximates reality. It is not reality. • Simulations allow users to interact with characters or events or processes and see what happens. • They're very interactive (most of the time) and can include sophisticated graphics. • Many computer games employ simulation technology. MAXIS makes great games.

23. Six Types of E-learning ContentClark Aldrich, A Field Guide to Educational Simulations • Extended Books • Extended Lectures • Extended Communities • Extended Expert Access • Embedded Help • Simulations

24. The Simu-gamé-story Market(per Clark Aldrich, 2003)

25. Simulation Based Airline Flight Simulators SimuLearn Off-the-Shelf Flight Simulators The Sims Medal of Honor Accenture/Indeliq Solitaire Visual Purple Cognitive Arts Wheel of Fortune Will Interactive Games2Train You Don’t Know Jack Choose-your-own Adventure Game based Story Based (per Clark Aldrich, 2003)

26. Simulation Based Muscle Memory/Cyclical Open-Ended/Systems Negotiating Batting Cages Public Speaking Dieting Riding a Bicycle Budgets Ethics Driving a Car Content Types Rules Case Studies movie Game based Story Based Linear

27. Simulation-Based: Number of Calculations/Turn (per Clark Aldrich, 2003) 1000K 100K 10K 1000 100 10 2015 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

28. Simu-game-story: Development Budget (per Clark Aldrich, 2003) 2M 500K 50K 5K 1990 1995 2000 2005

29. Simple Games (see Thiagi.com Or deepfun.com) • Puzzle games • Solve puzzle against timer • Learn concepts • Compete • Get points

30. More Complex Games from Option 6 (formerly part of UNext)

31. More Option 6

32. More Option 6

33. More Option 6

34. Even More Option 6 (Option 7?)

36. Clark Aldrich, A Field Guide to Educational Simulations • Multiple Choice Pros • Simple to figure out • Provides new info • Cheap to create • Multiple Choice Cons • Can lead the learner too much • Railroads people into a certain decision • May be too easy • May not be sufficiently rich to capture real world

37. Online Jeopardy Game www.km-solutions.biz/caa/quiz.zip

43. Clark Aldrich, A Field Guide to Educational Simulations • Turn-Based Simulation Pros • Promotes contemplation, thoughtfulness, and reflection • Less expensive • Sense of flow • Turn-Based Simulation Cons • Not real • People get more manipulative • Need to be highly positive experiences

44. Complex Virtual Worlds/Virtual Reality • Avatars--representations of people • Objects--representations of objects • Maps--the landscape which can be explored • Bots--artificial intelligence

46. The Sims: What will strike you?Clark Aldrich, Simulations and the Future of Learning, Jossey-Bass, Fall 2003 • Rudimentary and incomplete the game feels • The Sims don’t talk, they mumble, cleaning the house is a drag • The interface is confusing • How much fun it is • Earning money is rewarding, you can decorate your house, flirt with the neighbor’s spouse, buy expensive tools, sleep late, invite friends over instead of going to work • You might even reflect on your own life • Time is a precious commodity

47. Clark Aldrich, A Field Guide to Educational Simulations • Abstract Manipulation Pros • More options • Interface can help organize info • Responsive in real time • Intuitive • Abstract Manipulation Cons • Very expensive • Need instructions to use; must be committed • As much art as science • Many are younger than age 35

48. Marty Siegel, IU Professor, and Founder of Wisdom Tools • “If you're building a game and selling 10s of thousands of copies, you can invest a lot to build them and sell them for $50 a pop.” • “If you're using them for training, they'll still cost a bundle to build, and you'll need to charge a lot to implement (that is, if the simulation is specific to a company; if it's general, then you can sell it for less; it still costs a bundled to produce).... And it takes a lot of time to produce.”

49. Problems with Simulationsper Marty Siegel • they never quite work (they always work for games, but that's a made-up world) • if the user is a bit creative in a training simulation, you can easily make the simulation look dumb or break down • they take a lot of time to build... months, not weeks • they cost a lot to build... • they tend to be oriented to single users; no collaborative effort (collab simulations cost even more) • If collab, usually is synchronous and all must be there • important paths may be missed

50. Vendors in Simulations Space • eDrama Learning (scenario, soft skills, emotion in learning) • Forio Business Simulations (CEO for a day) • Indeliq (simulation-based learning for business) • Intermezzon (e-learning tools and training progs) • SimuLearn (leadership) • WisdomTools (story-based teaching, PBL) • Ninth House Publishing