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HYDROSPHERE

HYDROSPHERE. WATER OF THE EARTH. Distribution of the Waters of the Earth . 71% Oceans and Seas 29% Land. Arctic Ocean. Atlantic Ocean. Pacific Ocean. Indian Ocean. Earth’s Total Water is Estimated to be about. 1.5 billion km 3 or 1.5 x 10 21 L.

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HYDROSPHERE

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  1. HYDROSPHERE WATER OF THE EARTH

  2. Distribution of the Waters of the Earth 71% Oceans and Seas 29% Land Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean

  3. Earth’s Total Water is Estimated to be about 1.5 billion km3 or 1.5 x 1021 L

  4. Distribution of the Waters of the Earth

  5. Glaciers • Hardened ice found in polar regions and on very high mountains • Largest amount of stored fresh water

  6. Water in the Atmosphere • Found in the form of • vapor • Liquid • Solid • Amount varies with latitude

  7. Fresh Liquid Water • Only 0.6% of the Earth’s water and most of it is underground • Only about 0.05% of the world’s total water is actually available to man as fresh water

  8. Distribution of the Waters of the Earth

  9. What is the visible evidence that condensation has taken place up in the air? When precipitation happens on land, what three processes may immediately take place? From which surface is evaporation greater – Land or Ocean? What happens to water in the process of condensation? What happens to water in the process of precipitation? What are the ways by which water on land can get back to the sea? What change in the form of water takes place in the process of evaporation?

  10. The Philippine Territorial Waters • Archipelago • Close group of islands surrounded and separated by Oceans and Seas

  11. The Philippine Territorial Waters • Name the bodies of water found on the following boundaries of the Philippines: • Eastern • Western • Southern

  12. The Philippine Territorial Waters • What is the largest sea found between islands in the Philippines?

  13. The Philippine Territorial Waters • What sea is surrounded by • Islands of Mindanao, Negros, Cebu, Bohol and Leyte? • Islands of Panay, Negros, Cebu, Leyte, Masbate? • Islands of Palawan and Mindanao?

  14. The Philippine Territorial Waters • Philippine Territory • Extends to many kilometers of water around the archipelago • Philippine International Treaty Limits • Set by the Treaty of Paris in 1898 • Adopted by the Philippines in the 1935 and 1973 Constitution

  15. The Philippine Territorial Waters Water area in the Philippines is about 5x the Land area

  16. Origin of the Earth’s Waters Volcanic eruptions produced steam

  17. Origin of the Earth’s Waters Steam condensed forming Oceans, Seas, Lakes and Rivers

  18. Has the quality of water also remained the same through time?

  19. The Properties of Water • Polar molecules • Pertained to be the “Universal Solvent” • Never found pure in nature

  20. The Properties of Water • Cohesion • Adhesion • Surface tension • Capillarity

  21. The Properties of Water

  22. The Properties of Water Heat is the MOST important factor in the changes of state or form of water.

  23. Comparing Natural Water with Pure Water • Natural Water • Contain dissolved solids Amount of Dissolved Solid is measured in parts per thousands (‰)

  24. Amount of Dissolved Solids in Natural Waters

  25. Comparing Natural Water with Pure Water • Salinity • Amount of salt contained in natural waters • Average salinity of saltwater = 35‰ • Constantly changing

  26. Accumulation - the process in which water pools in large bodies (like oceans, seas and lakes).Condensation - the process in which water vapor (a gas) in the air turns into liquid water. Condensing water forms clouds in the sky. Water drops that form on the outside of a glass of icy water are condensed water. (This term appears twice in the diagram.)Evaporation - the process in which liquid water becomes water vapor (a gas). Water vaporizes from the surfaces of oceans and lakes, from the surface of the land, and from melts in snow fields.Precipitation - the process in which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from clouds in the sky.Subsurface Runoff - rain, snow melt, or other water that flows in underground streams, drains, or sewers.Surface Runoff - rain, snow melt, or other water that flows in surface streams, rivers, or canals.Transpiration - the process in which some water within plants evaporates into the atmosphere. Water is first absorbed by the plant's roots, then later exits by evaporating through pores in the plant.

  27. Homework • Write about Water Pollution, its cause and effect, and what actions can be taken to help mother Earth. • Written on a Short Bond Paper • Due on Monday, February 03, 2014

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