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Hematologic & Lymphatic System

Hematologic & Lymphatic System. Chapter 19-20. Hematologic . BONE MARROW Location Spongy center of bones Function RBCs production WBC production Platelets production. Hematologic . LIVER Function: Manufactures clotting factors Filter old & damaged RBC’s from circulation.

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Hematologic & Lymphatic System

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  1. Hematologic & Lymphatic System Chapter 19-20

  2. Hematologic • BONE MARROW • Location • Spongy center of bones • Function • RBCs production • WBC production • Platelets production

  3. Hematologic • LIVER • Function: • Manufactures clotting factors • Filter old & damaged RBC’s from circulation

  4. Hematologic • SPLEEN • Function • Works with the liver removes old RBC’s from circulation • Stores platelets

  5. Hematologic • BLOOD

  6. Blood • Function • Transport • Oxygen • Nutrients • Essential substances • Waste products To cells/tissue Away from cells / tissue

  7. Blood composition • Plasma • Red blood cells • Erythrocytes • White blood cells • Leukocytes • Platelets • Thrombocytes

  8. Plasma • Color • Clear yellow • Contains • Protein • Formed in the • LIVER

  9. Red Blood Cells • AKA: • Erythrocytes • Function • Carry O2 to body tissues • Formed • Bone marrow • Erythropoiesis

  10. Erythropoiesis • The process of red blood cell formation 3-5 days

  11. Hemoglobin • Function • Carry oxygen • Main ingredient • Iron

  12. Hemolysis • Hemo = • Blood • Lysis • -breakdown • Breakdown of RBC • Death of a RBC

  13. Hemolysis • Life span of RBC • @120 days • Old / damaged cells • Liver filters blood • Iron – saved & reused • Heme bilirubin  bile  sm. intestine

  14. Platelets • AKA • Thrombocytes • Function • Blood clotting • Storage • Spleen

  15. Hemostasis • Blood clotting process

  16. 5 stages of hemostasis • Vessel spasm • Damage to blood vessel • Vessel spasm  • Vasoconstriction  • i blood flow

  17. 5 stages of hemostasis 2. Formation of the platelet plug • Platelets stick to the wall & one another

  18. 5 stages of hemostasis • Clot formation • Fibrin cements components together

  19. 5 stages of hemostasis 4. Clot retraction • Platelets contract • (Pulls broken walls closer together) • Release growth factors  tissue repair

  20. 5 stages of hemostasis 5. Clot dissolution • Fibrinolysis removes the clot after tissue is repaired

  21. Hemostasis • http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/folder_structure/tr/m1/s7/trm1s7_3.htm

  22. Hematologic & Immune System • White Blood Cells

  23. White Blood Cell • AKA: • Leukocytes • Leukocytosis • h WBC count • Leukopenia • i WBC count

  24. Leukocytes • Can migrate out of the blood vessel  other tissue

  25. Leukocytes: Neutrophils • Function • Phagocytic • Life span • 10 hours

  26. Leukocytes: Eosinophils • Allergic reactions

  27. Leukocytes: Basophils • Stress

  28. Leukocytes: Monocytes • Monocytes • Macrophages • Phagocytic cells

  29. Leukocytes: Lymphocytes • Specific immune response • B lymphocytes • B-cells • T lymphocytes • T-cells

  30. B-cells • Production of • Plasma cell  • Antibody factories • Memory cell • Future quick response

  31. T-cells • T-helper cells • Activate other components of the immune system • T-cytotoxic cells • Directly destroy the invader

  32. Immune System • BONE MARROW • Function • WBC production

  33. Immune System • THYMUS • Incubator for T-cells • Not needed after puberty

  34. Immune System LYMPHATIC SYSTEM • Lymph Fluid • Plasma • WBC • Lymph nodes • Housing for T & B-cells • Filter micro-organism

  35. Immune System LIVER • Function • Filter blood • Stores phagocytes

  36. Immune System • SPLEEN • Function • Filters blood • Stores Phagocytes

  37. Natural immunity • A person’s resistance to foreign substances d/t • Gender • Heredity • Age • Health status

  38. Naturally acquired immunity • Resistance acquired by developing the disease

  39. Artificially acquired immunity • Resistance develops through immunization

  40. Physical Exam • Skin & mucus membranes • Color • Pallor  • Anemia • Cyanosis  • i Oxygen to tissue • Hypoxia • Jaundice • Yellow • hbilirubin • Jaundice

  41. Physical Exam • Skin & mucus membranes • Color • Erythemia • Inflammation • Petechiae • Small red spots caused by a minor hemorrhage • i platelet count • Petechiae

  42. Physical Exam • Skin & mucus membranes • Color • Pallor • Cyanosis • Jaundice • Erythemia • Petechiae • Bruising • Ecchymosis • Ecchymosis

  43. Physical Exam • Skin & Mucus Membranes • Temperature • Capillary refill • Edema • Lymph nodes • Palpate abd for tenderness

  44. Physical Exam • Vital signs • Temp • h • Infection / bacterial • i • Infection viral • Anemia • Apical pulse • Pedal pulse

  45. Dx Tests Complete Blood Count (CBC) • RBC count • Hemoglobin • Hematocrit

  46. Red Blood Cell Count: RBC count • Men • 4.6- 6.0 million /mm3 • Women • 4.0 – 5.0 million / mm3 • Magic number • 5

  47. RBC count Elevated Decreased Hemorrhage Anemia Kidney disease • COPD

  48. Hemoglobin: Hgb • Men • 13.5 – 18 g/dL • Women • 12-15 g /dL • Magic Number • 15

  49. Hemoglobin Elevated Decreased Hemorrhaging Kidney failure Nutritional deficit • COPD

  50. Hematocrit • Men • 40 – 54% • Female • 36 – 46% • Magic Number • 45

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