Institute for systemic consulting, Wiesloch (Germany) isb-w.de

1. 2 Communication Models Institute for systemic consulting, Wiesloch (Germany) www.isb-w.de

2. The cultural encounter model of communication Institute for systemic consulting, Wiesloch (Germany) www.isb-w.de

3. Model of 'mechanical' communication Sender A Channel Receiver B

4. Model of communication as cultural encounter Commu- nication / encounter Reality of person or system A Reality of person or system B

5. Implications of the cultural encounter model • describes communication as encounter of cultures (personal, professional, regional, etc.) • does not assume that mutual understanding is normal • each communicator involved is predominantly orientated to his/her own reality • necessary to study the realities of the sender and of the recipient • assumes that creating shared reality is a necessary extra effort

6. Encounter levels of communication

7. Roots and transformations • based on Schiff et al.1975 (discount levels) • problems usually appear on level 4 but are due to mismatching on levels 1-3 • changes in Schiff's terminology in order to describe relationships between equals • shows different levels of shared frames of reference, which build up into shared realities

8. Transformations of cathexis concepts by Bernd Schmid • Discount  + account + recount • Redefine  + define + co-define • Discount levels  levels of matching realities • Symbiosis  enlargements of horizons (e.g. organizations)  responsibility dialogues + -culture

9. Based on Schiff et. al.Cathexis reader • Frame of reference: a meta program which integrates all ego-states and their interaction • The ego-states activate frames of reference and • Frames of reference activate ego-states and interactions

10. Transformed • Frame of reference/culture: Metaprogram which organizes roles and plays. • Professional roles activate frame of references and • Frames of reference activate roles and the interplay of roles.

11. Encounter of realities • Essential communicative competence: clarifying and creating frames of reference • consciously regulating attention on clients and also on professional steps to encounter of realities • internal and external creating of reality and establishing a shared reality

12. The dialogue model of communication Institute for systemic consulting, Wiesloch (Germany) www.isb-w.de

13. Dialogue model of communication

14. Dialogue model of communication • Refers to the intuition concepts of Berne,Jung and Erickson • Shows how methodical and intuitive levels of communication together contribute to co-created realities • Professional competence and organizational culture depend on focussed dialogues between these spheres • Analytical and methodological processes on the surface, in dialogue with intuitive, creative, meaningful background forces, set the stage for personal and professional self-guidance and for performance and vitality in complex organizations.

15. "Narrative" dimensions of who or what meets in the dialogue? Behavior Attitudes Personal myths Myths +traditions from other backgrounds

16. Foreground > Background are observer's categories • What is considered as foreground? / in which context? • Clinical TA: psychological and developmental background (motivation, re-enacting, biography) • Organizational work: needs more dimensions of reality like organizational roles, structures, market dynamics, technical and economical criteria in shaping processes (content and context) • Others: meeting of society forces of all kind (e.g. milieu)

17. The challenge • Not habitually bringing background to the foreground • Create and take care of useful foreground communication • In accordance and/or dialogue with helpful backgrounds • Sensitive to background forces at work • Leave room for what is creating itself intuitively • Meta-communication if necessary