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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Colonial Ways of Life. Who were the American settlers?. Young, male, poor Over half = indentured servants 2/3 = came alone Why did they come? European population growth Rise of commercial agriculture Political security Religious freedom. Mass Migrations.

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Colonial Ways of Life

  2. Who were the American settlers? • Young, male, poor • Over half = indentured servants • 2/3 = came alone Why did they come? • European population growth • Rise of commercial agriculture • Political security • Religious freedom

  3. Mass Migrations 1629-1641 – Puritans (Massachusetts) Wealthy Royalists with indentured servants (Virginia) Quakers (West Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware) 1717-1775 – Celtic and Scotch-Irish (Appalachians)

  4. Enduring folkways – settlers retained many of their different cultural attitudes and customs • Changed landscape – deforestation, domesticated animals, ravaged large mammal populations • Women – remained subordinate and domestic as in Europe • Slavery – • Jamestown in 1619 (not treated much different than white indentured servants) • Color differences = hereditary life service • Brazil – most “voracious appetite” for slaves • P. 116 – color was crucial difference

  5. Triangular Trade – Atlantic Trade

  6. Puritans • Wanted purified form of Anglican church • P. 128 – New England Puritans … • Salem Witch Trials – from 1620 to 1700, 20 colonists were put to death for witchcraft • Adolescent imagination and contagious • Long standing feuds and property disputes • Women in power

  7. The Enlightenment • European movement that emphasized a search for knowledge. • Also called the Age of Reason • Brought on by scientific revolution – natural laws that govern universe • Copernicus = earth not center of universe • Newton = natural order • REDUCED ROLE OF GOD TO REMOTE CREATOR

  8. The Enlightenment and the American Colonies • Jefferson used Locke’s theories when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. • Other American leaders used Enlightenment ideas when they drafted the United States Constitution. • Franklin and Jefferson were also interested in science and invention, applying reason to ask questions and find answers.

  9. The Great Awakening Enlightenment thinkers questioned common beliefs and deep-rooted superstitions. P. 142 – Evil in the world… • Changes in religious attitudes • Strict groups such as the Puritans were upset by the growing tolerance for other beliefs. • Some religious leaders worried that material values and concern for making money had displaced spiritual values. Clergy looked for new ways to bring people back to the church. • Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield had little interest in merely engaging parishioners' minds; they wanted far more to elicit an emotional response from their audience, one which might yield the workings and evidence of saving grace. • REVIVAL

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