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Using the Principles of Risk , Need , and Responsivity to Inform Family Violence Interventions

Liam Ennis, Ph.D., R.Psych INTEGRATED THREAT AND RISK ASSESSMENT CENTRE/ ALBERTA LAW ENFORCEMENT RESPONSE TEAMS. Using the Principles of Risk , Need , and Responsivity to Inform Family Violence Interventions. Show me the data!. Assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment.

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Using the Principles of Risk , Need , and Responsivity to Inform Family Violence Interventions

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  1. Liam Ennis, Ph.D., R.PsychINTEGRATED THREAT AND RISK ASSESSMENT CENTRE/ALBERTA LAW ENFORCEMENT RESPONSE TEAMS Using the Principles of Risk, Need, and Responsivity to Inform Family Violence Interventions

  2. Show me the data!

  3. Assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment Match the level of service to the offender’s risk to re-offend Effective intervention matches learning style, motivation, abilities and strengths of offenders

  4. Risk-Need-Responsivity:Meta-analytic examination (k = 374)Overall: (mean effect size by adherence to # of principles) Figure 2.3 (p.74) from Andrews & Bonta (2010)

  5. Risk-Need-Responsivity:Meta-analytic examination (k = 374)By gender: Fig 2.4 (p.75) from Andrews & Bonta (2010)

  6. Risk-Need-Responsivity:Meta-analytic examination (k = 374)By offender age: Fig 2.5 (p.75) from Andrews & Bonta (2010)

  7. Risk-Need-Responsivity:Meta-analytic examination (k = 374)By setting: Fig 2.6 (p.75) from Andrews & Bonta (2010)

  8. Risk-Need-Responsivity:Meta-analytic examination (k = 374)By increasing levels of RNR adherence: Fig 2.8 (p.76) from Andrews & Bonta (2010)

  9. According to the research evidence… • Adherence with RNR is primary when the goal is to reduce criminal victimization • With increasing adherence to the 3 principles, there is a corresponding reduction in recidivism • In light of the constraints in both institutional and community resources, RNR provides best ‘bang for your buck’

  10. Assess criminogenic needs and target them in treatment Match the level of service to the offender’s risk to re-offend Effective intervention matches learning style, motivation, abilities and strengths of offenders

  11. Level of Treatment/Supervision Intensity “Match level of program intensity to offender risk level” • Intensive levels of treatment for high risk offenders • Minimal intervention for low risk offenders Low risk High risk Moderate risk

  12. Level of Treatment Intensity • Institution and community based • 3 to 5 hrs of group sessions per week • 2 to 3 months (total of 24 to 60 hours)

  13. Level of Treatment Intensity • Programs mainly in institutions • 3-5 group sessions per week (25 total) • 2-3 hours in length (50-75 total hours) • 3 individual sessions

  14. Level of Treatment Intensity • Institution based • 3-5 group sessions per week (78 total) • 2-3 hours in length (156-234 total hours) • 10 individual sessions

  15. ITRAC Risk Ratings for IPV Case(N = 147)

  16. Distribution of ODARA scores

  17. Comparison of recidivism variables Stalking recidivism Non-violent recidivism Any criminal recidivism Failure on conditional release Target involved recidivism Violent recidivism

  18. “Evaluations respond better to the needs of decision-makers (and science) when the evaluation also explains the source of risk” Hanson (2009)

  19. The Central 8 • History of criminal behavior • Negative social influences/absence of prosocial influences • Procriminal attitudes/beliefs/values • Antisocial personality pattern • Educational/employment challenges • Dysfunctional familial and marital relationships • Lack of prosocial recreation • Substance abuse

  20. For treatment, separate offenders by type? Ennis, Buro & Jung (2014)

  21. Abuser Typlogies

  22. “We encourage assessors and service providers to seriously consider the personal characteristics of each and every offender prior to determining what kind of approach is likely to work best with him or her.” Andrews, Bonta, & Wormith (2011)

  23. The RESPONSIVITY Principle • Refer to influence strategies • Use structured, cognitive-behavioral interventions • Ensure therapeutic alliance is established • Matching treatment to client characteristics: • Strengths, ability, motivation, personality • Gender, ethnicity, and age

  24. ITRAC Stakeholder ResearchEnnis, Hargreaves, & Gulayets (under review) • Majority of recommendations implemented by 71% of stakeholders • Lack of resources • Turnaround time • Awareness of ITRAC services • Liability

  25. R-N-R-Based SystemRequirements • Valid methods for assessing risk/need • Aspire to have services available at all points on the risk-need continuum • Communicate and cooperate System partners need to to get individuals’ needs met • Empirically informed practices

  26. Other Thoughts… • Smart, well-intentioned people are interested in your data  • Partnership building initiatives and funding

  27. Contact information Dr. Liam Ennis ITRAC/ALERT liam.ennis@alert-ab.ca

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