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Japan Returns to Isolation

Japan Returns to Isolation. Chapter 19 Section 3. Key Terms. Daimyo Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideoyshi Tokugawa Shogunate Haiku Kabuki. Local Lords Rule. 1467-1568 know as Sengoku (warring states) Samurai seized control of old feudal estates Daimyo-Warrior chieftain new lords

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Japan Returns to Isolation

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  1. Japan Returns to Isolation Chapter 19 Section 3

  2. Key Terms • Daimyo • Oda Nobunaga • Toyotomi Hideoyshi • Tokugawa Shogunate • Haiku • Kabuki

  3. Local Lords Rule • 1467-1568 know as Sengoku (warring states) • Samurai seized control of old feudal estates • Daimyo-Warrior chieftain new lords • Resembled European feudalism

  4. Local Lords Rule • Built fortified castles • Created small armies on horses (samurai) • Later introduced foot soldiers with muskets • Fought for territory

  5. New leaders Restore Order • Oda Nobunaga-defeated rivals and seized capitol Kyoto 1558 • “Rule the empire by force” • Nobunaga’s soldiers with muskets crush samurai force (first use of firearms)

  6. New Leaders Restore Order • Could not unify all of Japan • Toyotomi Hideoyshi conquered al of Japan • Invaded Korea in 1592 • Hideoyshi died 1559 and his troops withdrew from Korea

  7. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan • Unified Japan in 1600 • Had loyalty of Daimyo throughout Japan • 3 years later became sole leader of Japan • Moved capitol to Edo became Tokyo • Governed at a local level

  8. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan • Required daimyo to spend every other year in the capitol • When they returned to their lands they left family in capitol (hostages to prevent rebellion) • Rule of law became rule of sword

  9. Tokugawa Shogunate Unites Japan • On his deathbed asked sons to • Take care of the people • Strive to be virtuous • Never neglect to protect the country • This rule brought welcome order to Japan

  10. Life in Tokugawa Japan • Japan enjoyed two and half centuries of stability • Society was very structured • Ruler was a shogun supreme military commander

  11. Life in Tokugawa Japan • Shogun • Daimyo- powerful landholding samurai • Samurai warriors • Peasants and artisans 4/5ths of population • Merchants at the bottom • Became more important as the economy expanded

  12. Society in Tokugawa Japan • Confucian values influenced society • Depended on agriculture not merchants • Peasants and farmers had the main tax burden • Many left farms for town life

  13. Culture under the Tokugawa Shogunate • Attended ceremonial noh dramas • Tales of ancient warriors • Hung pictures of a classical literature scenes • Haiku-3 line verse poetry • Presents images rather than ideas

  14. Contact Between Europe and Japan • 16 century during the warring states • Welcomed traders and missionaries from Portugal • Within a century Europeans had worn out their welcome

  15. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants and Technology to Japan • 1543 first encounter with Europeans • Portugal hoped to be part of the Japan, China, and Southeast Asia trade • Brought clocks, eyeglasses, tobacco, firearms, and unfamiliar items to Japan

  16. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants, and Technology to Japan • Daimyo welcomed the strangers • Interested in muskets and cannons • Japanese purchased weapons from Portugal • Firearms changed a time honored tradition of the use of the sword

  17. Portugal Sends Ships, Merchants, and Technology to Japan • Many samurai retained the sword • Built fortified castles to withstand the cannons • Castles attracted merchants and artisans

  18. Christian Missionaries in Japan • 1549 missionaries started to arrive • Religious orders of Jesuits came to convert the Japanese • Francis Xavier-Jesuit led the first mission • Baptized about 100 converts before he left

  19. Christian Missionaries in Japan • 1600 300,0000 Japanese had been converted • Success upset Tokugawa Ieyasu • Found Christian invasion troublesome • They scorned traditional Japanese beliefs

  20. Christian Missionaries in Japan • Feared driving off the European traders would hurt Japan’s economy • 1612 there was religious uprisings • Christianity was banned

  21. Christian Missionaries in Japan • 1637 30,000 peasants led by a samurai • So many rebels were Christian • Started to persecute Christians • All Japanese were forced to show faith to a branch of Buddhism

  22. The Closed Country Policy • Persecution of Christians was to control foreign ideas • Valued European trade but not ideas • 1639 sealed Japan’s borders “closed country policy”

  23. Japan in Isolation • Nagasaki was the only port opened to foreign ships • Only Dutch and Chinese merchants allowed • Tokugawa shoguns had a monopoly on trade • 200 years Japan remained closed

  24. Japan in Isolation • Japanese were forbidden to leave and bring back new ideas • Developed into a self sufficient country • Europeans met with resistance to open the East to trade • Expansion to the west was more profitable (Americas)

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