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Baroque Period

Baroque Period. (c.1600 - c.1750). Major Historical Events. 1607 – Jamestown (Virginia) settled as first permanent English colony in North America 1620 – Mayflower docks at Plymouth Rock 1666 – Issac Newton discovers the Law of Gravity 1692 – Salem witchcraft trials. Music History Events.

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Baroque Period

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  1. Baroque Period (c.1600 - c.1750)

  2. Major Historical Events • 1607 – Jamestown (Virginia) settled as first permanent English colony in North America • 1620 – Mayflower docks at Plymouth Rock • 1666 – Issac Newton discovers the Law of Gravity • 1692 – Salem witchcraft trials

  3. Music History Events • 1600 – 1st opera is written • 1685 – Birth of J.S. Bach and G.F. Handel • 1709 – First piano is built • 1742 – Handel – Messiah • 1750 – Death of J.S. Bach

  4. The meaning of the word • Baroque – abnormal, bizarre, exaggerated • The art from this period is decorative, dramatic, flamboyant and emotional. • The music: • Decorative trills and ornamentation • Dramatic in Operas, Oratorios and Cantatas • Emotional expression began to first show up in music, ex. Sorrow = slow moving, happiness = fast

  5. Renaissance Vs. Baroque • Renaissance • Melody is supreme • Horizontal texture (polyphony) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4VoKso5ERI • Baroque • Harmony is more important • Vertical texture – (homophony) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9kug7GSyH0 • Listen to the following two pieces and compare and contrast.

  6. Harmony • Major/minor system of tonality • Chords function in relation to a key center • Experiment with key changes

  7. Rhythm • Strong feeling of forward motion • Regular groupings of strong and weak beats • 1st measured music with time signatures and barlines

  8. Dynamics • Dynamic (volume) ranges were controlled by the number of players or singers performing • Small groups were contrasted with large groups to produce the effect of softer and louder

  9. Vocal Music • With the birth of opera in 1600 – the individual singer became important • The size of choral groups increased during this period (mainly due to instruments now being included in musical pieces)

  10. Important Composers • J.S. Bach (1685-1750) • Career began as a choir boy at the age of 15 • Began organ lessons at this age • Served as music director/organist/composer at different churches in Germany • Listen to his music and describe how this music sounds. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qE8WH7uIYdw

  11. Important Composers • George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) • Handel secretly practiced the keyboard because his dad did not want him in music • At 12 yrs. Old became assistant organist of a cathedral in Halle, Germany • Wrote several operas, oratorios and instrumental pieces • Moved to England in 1710 and remained there til’ death • Listen to his music and describe how it sounds. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76RrdwElnTU

  12. Important Composers • Antonio Vivaldi (1675-1741) • His dad was his first violin teacher • Was ordained a priest in 1703 • Was the musical director of an orphanage • Listen to his music and describe what you hear. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MPtPLCKe6w8

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