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Today: Global Climate Change

Today: Global Climate Change ~20% of the final exam (5/14 9am-noon) will be from these last 4 lectures. Fig 54.14. Carbon cycle. Solar energy: incoming and outgoing. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html.

jayme-bowen
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Today: Global Climate Change

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  1. Today: Global Climate Change ~20% of the final exam (5/14 9am-noon) will be from these last 4 lectures

  2. Fig 54.14 Carbon cycle

  3. Solar energy: incoming and outgoing http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  4. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.htmlhttp://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  5. Sunlight shifts wavelength from short to long short long http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  6. CO2 and other greenhouse gases keep heat from radiating back into space http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  7. CO2 levels in Hawaii and average global temp. Fig54.15

  8. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.htmlhttp://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  9. Gases trapped in ice core bubbles can tell us about past climate conditions.

  10. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.htmlhttp://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  11. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.htmlhttp://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  12. 370

  13. Relative contributions to Global Warming ~500 m people ~300 m people ~2.5 b people

  14. Effects of global warming are already visible http://www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/pages/glaciers.html

  15. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.htmlhttp://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  16. Precipitation changes 1900 to 2000

  17. No projections of future CO2 levels predict a reduction over the next 100 years. http://www.esr.org/outreach/climate_change/basics/basics.html

  18. Geoengineering is purposeful human alteration of the environment.

  19. Farmland and cities are small to medium scaled geoengineered landscapes

  20. Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of Global Climate Change

  21. Local climate management has been/ is being carried out in Russia and China...

  22. Moscow’s plan is to disperse a mixture of silver iodide, liquid nitrogen and cement powder into clouds to trigger precipitation. The goal is to minimize snowfall in the city, but results in increased snowfall in the areas just outside Moscow where the clouds empty their load. http://www.nextnature.net/2009/11/moscow-wont-let-it-snow/

  23. Controlling the weather in Moscow is nothing new. Ahead of the two main holidays celebrated in the city each year — Victory Day in May and City Day in September — the often cash-strapped air force is paid to make sure that it doesn't, rain. Cost ~$2-3 million http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1930822,00.html

  24. Beijing's weather was modified to keep the 2008 Olympics dry. In China there are 31 provincial or municipal weather-modification offices in China. The administration employs 52,998 people by its own count. http://www.plentymag.com/magazine/the_peoples_weather.php?page=1

  25. Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of Global Climate Change... The Ocean

  26. Before commercial whaling began, baleen whales may have been the source of almost 12 percent of all the iron in the Southern Ocean’s surface water. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/discoblog/2010/04/23/a-novel-geoengineering-idea-increase-the-oceans-quotient-of-whale-poop/

  27. Efforts to test the effectiveness of adding nutrients to the ocean have met with limited success.“Iron-Dumping Experiment Is a Bust: It Feeds Crustaceans, Doesn’t Trap Carbon” “Ocean Geoengineering Scheme May Prove Lethal”http://news.discovery.com/earth/geoengineering-carbon-sequestration-phytoplankton.html http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/80beats/2009/03/24/iron-dumping-experiment-is-a-bust-it-feeds-crustaceans-doesnt-trap-carbon/

  28. Ideas for using Geoengineering to lessen the impacts of Global Climate Change... Block incoming sunlight

  29. Reflect sunlight from upper atmosphere/space

  30. What does it take to change the climate?Iceland's Eyjafjallajokull Volcano is not enough http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/04/18/iceland-volcano-pictures_n_541994.html

  31. What does it take to change the climate?Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991

  32. What does it take to change the climate?Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991 Lowered global temp. by about 0.5oC

  33. What does it take to change the climate?Mt. Tambora erupted in 1815. The eruption was so large the volcano went from ~14,000 ft. to ~9,000 ft. This is not Tambora, it is Pinatubo

  34. Tambora in 1815: Tambora's volcanic cloud lowered global temperatures by as much as 3oC. Even a year after the eruption, most of the northern hemisphere experienced sharply cooler temperatures during the summer months. In parts of Europe and in North America, 1816 was known as "the year without a summer." http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Outreach/AboutVolcanoes/do_volcanoes_affect_weather.html

  35. Next:Who is affected by Global Climate Change

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