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Part II: Theory and Taxonomy of the Millon TM Inventories

Part II: Theory and Taxonomy of the Millon TM Inventories. Pearson Assessments and the Institute for Advanced Studies in Personology and Psychopathology. Understanding central role of theory in a comprehensive clinical psychology Introduction to Millon TM Evolutionary Theory

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Part II: Theory and Taxonomy of the Millon TM Inventories

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  1. Part II: Theory and Taxonomy of the MillonTM Inventories Pearson Assessments and the Institute for Advanced Studies in Personology and Psychopathology

  2. Understanding central role of theory in a comprehensive clinical psychology Introduction to MillonTM Evolutionary Theory Integration of theory into taxonomy, and how taxonomy informs assessment Utilization of theoretical principles for deeper understanding of personality patterns Program Objectives…

  3. Interactive Nature of the Multiaxial System AXIS III & IV Medical & Psychosocial AXIS II Personality Dynamics AXIS I Clinical Presentation (Anxiety, Dysthymia = Fever, Cough) (Borderline, Histrionic = Immune System) (Marital, Economic, Health = Infectious Agents)

  4. PSYCHOSYNERGY Cohering the Elements ofa Clinical Science • Universal Scientific Principles (Evolution) • Grounded in Ubiquitous Laws of Nature • A Guiding Framework for Diverse Subject Realms • Subject-Oriented Theory (Personology) • Structure of Explanatory Concepts and Propositions • Deduce and Understand Clinical Conditions • Classification of Pathologies (Nosology) • Theory-derived Typology and Trait Characteristics • Categories Differentiated, Grouped, and Interrelated • Clinical Instrumentation (Assessment) • Empirically-grounded and Quantitatively Sensitive Tools • Identify Diagnostic Categories and Measure Domain Traits • Investigate Validity and Utility of Theory • Personality-Guided Intervention (Treatment) • Specify Goals and Plan Strategies • Balance Polarities and Counter Perpetuations • Select Suitable Domain Modalities • Integrate and Synergize Therapeutic Combinations

  5. Modern Theoretical Models FRAMEWORKS WITHIN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Biophysical Models Temperament Theories Neurobiologic Theories Behavioral Models Conditioning Theories Social Learning Theories Intrapsychic Models Developmental/Dynamic Theories Developmental/Structural Theories Sociocultural Models Ecological/Group Theories Interpersonal Theories Phenomenological Models Existential/Humanistic Theories Cognitive Theories

  6. Modern Theoretical Models FRAMEWORKS BRIDGING DIVERSE SCIENCES Evolutionary Models Adaptive & Systemic Theories BRIDGED VIA PHILOSOPHY OUTSIDE SUBJECT DOMAIN PROPER (i.e., outside clinical personology to philosophy of ubiquitious evolutionary principles)

  7. Evolution in Macrosystems

  8. Evolution in Microsystems

  9. MillonTM Evolutionary Theory: Evolution in Personality Patterns Existence Pleasure Pain Adaptation Active Passive Replication Self Other

  10. Taxonomy: The “Prototypal” approach… A combination of categorical and dimensional approaches… Deducing and naming a categorical “prototype” (“textbook model”) to which real-life examples can be compared. Very few “pure” narcissists, histrionics, compulsives, etc. in actual practice. Usually combinations of DSM personality facets Dimensional aspects of ALL personalities. Often present as one of many “subtypes” (admixtures) of primary (prototypal) personality patterns. Some examples of personality prototypes…

  11. Schizoid (Introversive) Prototype MillonTM Evolutionary Model Pleasure Pain Weak on Polarity Average on Polarity Active Passive Strong on Polarity Self Other

  12. Avoidant (Inhibited) Prototype MillonTM Evolutionary Model Pleasure Pain Weak on Polarity Average on Polarity Passive Active Strong on Polarity Self Other

  13. Narcissistic (Confident) Prototype MillonTMEvolutionary Model Pleasure Pain Weak on Polarity Active Passive Average on Polarity Strong on Polarity Self Other

  14. Antisocial (Nonconforming) Prototype MillonTMEvolutionary Model Pleasure Pain Weak on Polarity Active Passive Average on Polarity Strong on Polarity Self Other

  15. Clinical Personality Prototypes • Mild/Moderate Level Pleasure-Deficient… • Detached: Schizoid, Avoidant, Depressive Interpersonally-Imbalanced… • Dependent: Dependent, Histrionic • Independent: Narcissistic, Antisocial Intrapsychically Conflicted… • Ambivalent: Compulsive, Negativstic • Discordant: Aggressive/Sadistic, Self-Defeating • Severe Level Structurally Defective… • Schizotypal • Borderline • Paranoid

  16. Taxonomy: Dimensionality

  17. Millon’s Taxonomy:Dimensional level Evolutionary polarities Pleasure Pain Active Passive Self Other Functional/Structural Domains Behavioral… Intrapsychic… • Expressive Acts (F) • Interpersonal Conduct (F) • Regulatory Mechanisms (S) • Morphologic Organization (S) Phenomenological… Biophysical… • Cognitive Style (F) • Self-Image (S) • Object Representations (S) • Mood/Temperament (S)

  18. Domain by Disorder Matrix Behavioral Acts Interpersonal Conduct Cognitive Style Object Representations Regulatory Mechanisms Morphologic Organization Mood/ Temperament Self-Image Schizoid Impassive Unengaged Impoverished Complacent Meager Apathetic Intellectualization Undifferentiated Avoidant Fretful Alienated Aversive Distracted Vexatious Fantasy Fragile Anguished Depressive Disconsolate Defenseless Pessimistic Worthless Forsaken Asceticism Depleted Melancholic Dependent Incompetent Submissive Naive Inept Immature Introjection Inchoate Pacific Attention- Seeking Histrionic Dramatic Flighty Gregarious Shallow Dissociation Disjointed Fickle Narcissistic Haughty Exploitive Expansive Admirable Contrived Rationalization Spurious Insouciant Antisocial Impulsive Irresponsible Deviant Autonomous Debased Acting-Out Unruly Callous Sadistic Precipitate Abrasive Dogmatic Combative Pernicious Isolation Eruptive Hostile Reaction Formation Compulsive Disciplined Respectful Constricted Conscientious Concealed Solemn Compartmentalized Negativistic Resentful Contrary Skeptical Discontented Vacillating Displacement Divergent Irritable Masochistic Abstinent Deferential Diffident Undeserving Discredited Exaggeration Inverted Dysphoric Distraught or Insentient Schizotypal Eccentric Secretive Autistic Estranged Chaotic Undoing Fragmented Borderline Spasmodic Paradoxical Capricious Uncertain Incompatible Regression Labile Split Paranoid Provocative Suspicious Inviolable Unalterable Projection Inelastic Irascible Defensive Millon’s Taxonomy

  19. Antisocial (Nonconforming) Prototype MillonTMEvolutionary Model; MCMI-IIITM: 6A Pleasure Pain Weak on Polarity Active Passive Average on Polarity Strong on Polarity Self Other

  20. Salience of Personologic Domains: Antisocial Autonomous Acting-Out Self-Image Regulatory Mechanism Deviant Cognitive Style Debased Object Representations Irresponsible Impulsive Interpersonal Conduct Expressive Behavior Unruly Callous Morphologic Organization Mood/Temperament

  21. Avoidant (Inhibited) Prototype MillonTM Evolutionary Model: MCMI-IIITM: 2A Weak on Polarity Average on Polarity Strong on Polarity Pleasure Pain Passive Active Self Other

  22. Salience of Personologic Domains: Avoidant Fretful Distracted Expressive Behavior Cognitive Style Alienated Aversive Fragile Self-Image Interpersonal Conduct Morphologic Organization Fantasy Regulatory Mechanism Anguished Vexatious Mood/Temperament Object Representations

  23. The “Non-Textbook” Real World Patients… An introduction to the subtypes…

  24. Most patients: Admixtures of 2 (or more) prototypal patterns 61 subtypes identified in Millon’s taxonomy; many more seen in clinical practice; nearly any combination possible Not necessarily diagnosable as personality disorder(s); may appear to be: 1 or more primary PD diagnoses, with domains of other personality patterns 2 or more primary PD diagnoses No Axis II diagnosis; elevations may indicate 1 or more problematic personality pattern Subtypes of Primary (Prototypal) Personality Patterns/Disorders…

  25. Domain by Disorder Matrix Behavioral Acts Interpersonal Conduct Cognitive Style Object Representations Regulatory Mechanisms Morphologic Organization Mood/ Temperament Self-Image Schizoid Impassive Unengaged Impoverished Complacent Meager Apathetic Intellectualization Undifferentiated Avoidant Fretful Alienated Aversive Distracted Vexatious Fantasy Fragile Anguished Depressive Disconsolate Defenseless Pessimistic Worthless Forsaken Asceticism Depleted Melancholic Dependent Incompetent Submissive Naive Inept Immature Introjection Inchoate Pacific Attention- Seeking Histrionic Dramatic Flighty Gregarious Shallow Dissociation Disjointed Fickle Narcissistic Haughty Exploitive Expansive Admirable Contrived Rationalization Spurious Insouciant Antisocial Impulsive Irresponsible Deviant Autonomous Debased Acting-Out Unruly Callous Sadistic Precipitate Abrasive Dogmatic Combative Pernicious Isolation Eruptive Hostile Reaction Formation Compulsive Disciplined Respectful Constricted Conscientious Concealed Solemn Compartmentalized Negativistic Resentful Contrary Skeptical Discontented Vacillating Displacement Divergent Irritable Masochistic Abstinent Deferential Diffident Undeserving Discredited Exaggeration Inverted Dysphoric Distraught or Insentient Schizotypal Eccentric Secretive Autistic Estranged Chaotic Undoing Fragmented Borderline Spasmodic Paradoxical Capricious Uncertain Incompatible Regression Labile Split Paranoid Provocative Suspicious Inviolable Unalterable Projection Inelastic Irascible Defensive Comparable across primary patterns

  26. Antisocial subtypes Nomadic (schizoid, avoidant features) Feels jinxed, ill-fated, doomed, and cast aside; peripheral,drifters; gypsy-like roamers, vagrants; dropouts and misfits; itinerant vagabonds, tramps, wanderers; impulsively not benign. Malevolent (sadistic, paranoid features) Belligerent, mordant, rancorous, vicious, malignant, brutal, resentful; anticipates betrayal and punishment; desires revenge; truculent, callous, fearless; guiltless. STL PAR BDL AVD CPL DEP HST NAR SZD DPR NEG MAS SAD ANTISOCIAL Reputation-Defending (narcissistic features) Needs to be thought of as unflawed, unbreakable, invincible, indomitable; formidable, inviolable; intransigent when status is questioned; overreactive to slights. Covetous (variant of “pure” pattern) Feels intentionally denied and deprived; rapacious, begrudging, discontentedly yearning; envious, seeks retribution, and avariciously greedy; pleasure more in taking than in having. Risk-Taking (histrionic features) Dauntless, venturesome, intrepid, bold, audacious, daring; reckless, foolhardy, impulsive, heedless; unbalanced by hazard; pursues perilous ventures.

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