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The Enlightenment 16-1

The Enlightenment 16-1. Discuss how the Enlightenment thinkers influenced the world. Video. Enlightenment Roots. Traced back to the Greeks and romans Gained knowledge through observation, logic, and reasoning Believed in the worth of the individual

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The Enlightenment 16-1

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  1. The Enlightenment16-1 Discuss how the Enlightenment thinkers influenced the world

  2. Video

  3. Enlightenment Roots • Traced back to the Greeks and romans • Gained knowledge through observation, logic, and reasoning • Believed in the worth of the individual • Renaissance and Reformation stress the individual • Equality key feature of the Enlightenment

  4. JOHN LOCKE • English philosopher • Did not oppose monarchies: disagreed on the divine right of a king • Power of the government comes from the people not God or ruler • People give their consent to be governed • Governments job is to protect the people, if fails the people have the right to change the government • NATURAL RIGHTS: people are born with rights that can not be taken away • Life, liberty and property

  5. JOHN LOCKE Video

  6. PHILOSPHES/ PHILOSOPHERS • BELIEVE THAT REASON COULD SOLVE EVERY PROBLEM AND THAT SOCIETY CAN PROGRESS • CHALLENGED OLD BELIEFS ABOUT POWER • CHURCH AND ABSOLUTE MONARCHS FEEL THREATENED • TRIED TO SILENCE THE PHILOSPHIES

  7. VOLTAIRE • Francois Marie Aroquet: Voltaire • Wrote more then 70 books • Spoke out against religious intolerance and against superstition in the Church • Was put in jail for his writings, forced to leave France • Believed in freedom of speech and liberty

  8. Video on Montequieu

  9. WHAT DID MONTESQUIEU MEAN WHEN HE SAID

  10. MONTESQUIEU • The Baron de Montesquieu • Believed liberty was a natural right • Opposed absolute monarchs • Feared the government could become too powerful • Wanted separation of power in government • 3 branches, laws, enforce, interpret • checks and balances Basis of U.S. Constitution

  11. SEPERATION OF POWER

  12. ROUSSEAU • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Wrote the book The Social Contract • Democracy was the best form of government • People should create a government that will defend individual rights and protect the good of the whole • Believed in votes • Opposed absolute monarchs, titles and nobility • Believed people were created equal • His ideas caused revolt

  13. ROUSSEAU Video on Rousseau

  14. WOMEN IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT • Wealthy woman hosted salons • Thinkers and artists participated • Discussed and exchanged ideas on a equal basis • Salons provided an education for woman

  15. Marie Therese Rodet Geoffrin • Most admired of the salon hostesses • Most guest were nobility some not • Foreigners invited brought new ideas • Discussion were written up and published in newspapers for the general public • Enlightenment ideas were spread through the salons

  16. Judith Sargent Murray • 1784 in America • Wrote that women that are deprived of education thought poorly of themselves

  17. MARY ASTELL • 1964 • Focused on social issues • Lack of education for women

  18. MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT • 1792 published A vindication of the Rights of Woman • Argued well educated woman would help create enlightened families • Public life would become strengthened through enlightened families

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