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HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY

HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY. Ivana Dragic Peaceful School International – Initiative in Serbia & Montenegro. I STATE of HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY In Yugoslavia (now Serbia & Montenegro). COMPLEX INFLUENCES AND HISTORY.

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HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY

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  1. HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY Ivana Dragic Peaceful School International – Initiative in Serbia & Montenegro

  2. I STATE of HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY In Yugoslavia (now Serbia & Montenegro)

  3. COMPLEX INFLUENCES AND HISTORY MAJOR INFLUENCES IN ANCIENT HISTORY 1. Crossing border between Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire 2. Crossing border between Ottoman Empire and Austro-Hungarian Empire RESULT: Strong religious influences of three major confessions: Islam, Orthodox and Catholic Christianity among people speaking the same language

  4. HISTORICAL FACTS IN LAST 100 YEARS: 6 wars • 1. I Balkan War, 1912. • 2. II Balkan War, 1913. • 3. I World War, 1914. -1918. • 4. II World War, 1941. – 1945. • 5. Balkan Civil War 1992. – 1995. • 6. Kosovo war crisis and • bombing campaign on Serbia, 1999.

  5. HISTORICAL FACTS IN LAST 100 YEARS: 6 times change of the name of the State • 1. Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, 1915 • 2. Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 1918 • 3. Federative Peoples Republic of Yugoslavia, 1943 • 4. Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia, 1974 • 5. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 1992 • 6. State Union Serbia and Montenegro, 2003

  6. HISTORICAL FACTS IN LAST 100 YEARS: 3 assassinations on Serbian leaders • King Aleksandar Obrenovic, 1903. • 2. King Aleksandar Karadjordjevic, 1934. • 3. Prime Minister Zoran Djindjic, 2003.

  7. HISTORICAL FACTS IN LAST 100 YEARS: 3 different Social orders • Kingdom (Monarchy) • 2. Republic (Socialism since 1943.) • 3. Republic (Society in transition since 2001.)

  8. EXPERIENCES IN LAST 30 YEARS Socialistic federative Republic of Yugoslavia THE STATE I WAS BORN IN

  9. EXPERIENCES IN LAST 30 YEARS Civil war Milosevic dictatorship Sanctions Economic depression Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1992-2003

  10. EXPERIENCES IN LAST 30 YEARS Bombing of my home town Pancevo, April 1999

  11. EXPERIENCES IN LAST 30 YEARS October 5thRevolution 2000 Leader with a real vision In Memoriam Dr. Zoran Djindjic 1952-2003

  12. II VISION • Respecting Human Rights • Maintaining Cultural Sustainability “Cultural sustainability” is a new term, and one not easily defined. The word culture means many things to many people. We use it in the broadest sense to mean 'our values and aspirations, traditions and shared memories, the ways we develop, receive and transmit these, and the ways of life these processes produce'. Sustainability can be defined as : “Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations”. Put these ideas together and we’ll have cultural sustainability – “developing, renewing and maintaining human cultures that create positive, enduring relationships with other peoples and the natural world”. In the words of Nelson Mandela, "Like truth, culture and creativity are enduring."

  13. III PARTICULAR CHALLENGES ADDRESSING MENTALITY OF SERBIAN PEOPLE • ADAPTED ON ABNORMAL LIVING CONDITIONS: • - Always unstable surrounding • Normal is to strive for the surviving • (Zone of surviving vs. Zone of higher life quality) • - Becoming adapted on higher and higher amount on injustice and “ugliness” • in media and everyday life. • Consequences: • Passivity, “learned helplessness”, lack of the “inner locus of control” • “Feelings are not important” • Becoming insensible on others misfortune, raising of egoism and selfishness

  14. ADDRESSING MENTALITY OF SERBIAN PEOPLE • 2. “FLAT SOCIETY” - Society without defined hierarchy and strong elite (vertical order): • Collective unconscious based on Feudalism and Orthodox Christianity making good ground for the acceptance of Socialism • No managers – no defined roles and tasks / No leaders – no vision and mission Consequences: - Put together five intelligent and capable persons in order to make a decision and you’ll get “dumb group” of five people • 3. “MENTALITY OF DEFICIENCY”: • - Life and wealth are like limited cake – If someone takes bigger part, others will have less • Consequences: • - “They will forgive you everything but success”

  15. ADDRESSING MENTALITY OF SERBIAN PEOPLE • DISTRUSTFUL ATTITUDES ABOUT WEST • - In terms of political and economical motivation or pretensions from the West • ( not about “ordinary people” from abroad – which is often quit opposite) • - Fear of being exploited • Consequences: Popularity of conservative nationalistic political parties • CONSEQUENCES OF ALL 4. POINTS • - Passive or Aggressive life stiles – Assertiveness is not known even as a concept • - Passive majority is easily influenced/ruled by aggressive minority

  16. IV MEETING CHALLENGES MAIN GOAL HELPING PEOPLE TO ORIENTATE AND ACTIVATE THEMSELVES AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS IN A MANNERS OF PEACE EDUCATION PRINCIPLES AND EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

  17. PARTICULAR PROJECTS SUMMER SCHOOL “100 x Better!” (2000) 10 days camp with 100 participants age 18-27 from Pančevo Lectures about peace-building, human rights, ecology; Workshops – identity, values, prejudices, team building NGO “Pančevo Civil Reaction” – GruPa, Pancevo

  18. SUMMER SCHOOL “100 x Better!” (2000)

  19. SUMMER SCHOOL “100 x Better!” (2000)

  20. PARTICULAR PROJECTS HUMAN RIGHTS TIME MACHINE (2001) Public performance Costume ball Public lectures Seminar on violation of human rights for lawyers Survey NGO “Pančevo Civil Reaction” – GruPa, Pančevo

  21. HUMAN RIGHTS TIME MACHINE (2001)

  22. HUMAN RIGHTS TIME MACHINE (2001)

  23. HUMAN RIGHTS TIME MACHINE (2001)

  24. PARTICULAR PROJECTS PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INTERNATIONAL (since 2000) Founded by Hetty Van Gurp with Headquarter in Nova Scotia, Canada • MISSION • The mission of Peaceful Schools International is to provide support to schools that have declared a commitment to creating and maintaining a culture of peace. • FOUNDING PRINCIPLES • - Membership in PSI is voluntary • - PSI is non-prescriptive • GOALS • - Facilitate networking among peaceful schools • - Act as a clearinghouse for innovative ideas and programs • - Encourage student-centered conflict resolution strategies • Reduce violence and punitive discipline measures • - Support at-risk students • - Promote an understanding and appreciation of diversity

  25. Schools that become members of Peaceful Schools International are encouraged to demonstrate a commitment to many of the following: • A collaborative approach to school-based decision making • 2. Curricular and/or extracurricular peace education initiatives • 3. Teaching methods that stress participation, cooperation, problem solving and respect for differences • 4. Student and community centered conflict resolution strategies such as peer mediation • 5. Community service projects • 6. Opportunities for professional development of all staff focused on creating a positive school climate • "We can see the broad effects of this organization which, through activities in our schools, will also affect the local communities and society in general." - teacher, Serbia

  26. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) • AT THE BEGINNING • PSI involved in one Belgrade school “Vasa Pelagic” 2000. • New Ministry of Education in Serbia started serious education reform 2001. • Hetty Van Gurp meets Deputy of Ministry of Education – Tunde Kovac –Cerovic • RESULT OF THEIR MEETING: • Ministry of Education choose 6 Elementary schools from different regions of Serbia for starting pilot project and 12 teachers went to the headquarter of PSI in Canada for the training and visiting schools in December 2002. • NGO “MOST” which runs “Peace studies” engaged for coordinating among six schools

  27. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) • INITIATIVE IN PARTICULAR Elementary School “Isidora Sekulic” Pancevo • MAJOR ISSUE for the first year • A collaborative approach to school-based decision making • Starting point: All teachers went trough the workshops on non – violent communication with manuals for working with students • Conducted research on several major aspects of school life which included all staff, and 50 % of parents and students • School Development Plan (involving students, parents, community members) with major issue on discipline and atmosphere in school • Rethinking “Conduct of behavior” with clarifying all procedures and interventions • (in each class, then students representatives with staff, and then all class parents representatives with staff) representatives • Changing the leadership in school • Electing three students for the summer camp in Canada

  28. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) Ongoing support from PSI Hetty visiting our school January 2003 Students from Serbia and Canada on summer camp “Way to Peace” 2003

  29. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) • Following period in school development • - Starting Student Parliament • Starting program of the Peer Mediation • Encouraging teachers, students and parents in giving new initiatives • Starting regular students parties organized by students • Keeping records and celebrating each success and contribution • Ongoing support from PSI, new visit, official membership and new summer camp • - Free excursion for the students who made some success

  30. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) Various activities in school

  31. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) • Preparation for spreading the network in Serbia with a support of former Ministry of Education • - Conference “PEACE CULTURE IN SCHOOLS” in Belgrade, December, 2003; • Developed adapted training for this region • Translated and published three books by Hetty Van Gurp • Titled PSI movie toolkit • Award winning documentary by Teresa MacInnes • “Teaching Peace in a Time of War” • 6 schools more included • * March 2004. new Ministry of Education stopped reform of education

  32. PEACEFUL SCHOOLS INITIATIVE IN SERBIA (since 2002) Students for Teaching Peace, March 2005 • Visiting schools and co organized International • “YOUTH TO YOUTH CONFERENCE”

  33. HUMAN RIGHTS and CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY Ivana Dragic Peaceful School International – Initiative in Serbia & Montenegro

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