1 / 20

Gender, Race, Poverty and HIV

Gender, Race, Poverty and HIV. Liza Conyers, Ph. D Penn State University lmc11@psu.edu (814) 863-6115 . National Working Positive Coalition (NWPC). Who we are: Persons living with HIV/AIDS, service providers, educators and researchers in HIV and employment Mission

james-rush
Download Presentation

Gender, Race, Poverty and HIV

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Gender, Race, Poverty and HIV Liza Conyers, Ph. D Penn State University lmc11@psu.edu (814) 863-6115

  2. National Working Positive Coalition (NWPC) • Who we are: • Persons living with HIV/AIDS, service providers, educators and researchers in HIV and employment • Mission • Promote research, development and implementation of effective practices in employment services • Coordinate sharing and dissemination of this information • Advocate for work options and opportunities for people living with HIV/AIDS

  3. Overview • Provide snapshot of initial findings of national employment needs survey • Compare outcomes by Gender (male and female) • Context for women respondents • Results of working women by race • Perceptions of ability to work • Discussion

  4. Survey Research • 12 page survey • Paper and Internet formats (English & Spanish) • Collaborated with ASO, PWN & AIDS Alliance • Major Sections of survey • Demographic information • Knowledge, use and satisfaction with VR services • Workplace issues (employed respondents) • Considering work issues (unemployed respondents) • Health status • Funded by NIDRR & NYS AIDS Institute

  5. Demographics Differ By Gender Men Women • 2,465 respondents 66%34% • Mean Age: 4646 • Race: • Black 30%54% • White 43% 24% • Latino 19%17% • Other 9% 5% • Sexual Orientation: • Heterosexual 28% 88% • Gay 65% 4% • Bisexual 7% 8%

  6. Women Face More Challenges Men Women • Women Higher rates poverty lower education • Earn $15,000 per year or less49%60% • High school/GED or less 32% 48% • Employment Status: • Employed 33%30% • Not working 67%70%

  7. Women Less Informed About Employment Laws Men Women • Americans with Disabilities Act* 47%35% • Reasonable Accommodations* 21% 13% • Family and Medical Leave Act* 31% 26% • Workforce Investment Act 8% 9%

  8. Women Less Informed About Services & IncentivesMen Women • Services • State Vocational Rehabilitation 31% 27% • One Stop Career Centers 16% 17% • Work Incentives • Ticket to Work 23% 22% • Trial Work Period* 23% 13% • Extended Medicare* 11% 8% • No knowledge of laws, services or incentives*27%31%

  9. More Women Work in HIV Field Men Women • Work related to HIV/AIDS 34% 57% • Need to include professional development training so these women can advance, if they want further development..

  10. Context: Women’s Risk Factors WOC White • Homeless 60% 52% • *Problems with Mental Health 49% 70% • Incarceration 36% 30% • Substance Abuse 53% 50% • Domestic Violence 48% 56% • Sexual Abuse 36% 44%

  11. Economic Indicators by WOC vs. White POC White • WOC lower rates of employment • Employed* 26% 41% • WOC higher rates poverty lower education • Earn $15,000 per year or less* 66% 43% • High school/GED or less* 30% 52%

  12. Employed Women Still Have $$ Challenges WOC White • High school/GED or less* 30% 8% • Earn $15,000 per year or less* 28% 14% • Private Insurance* 36% 67% • ADAP 23% 22% • Some Problem Paying Bills 66% 57%

  13. Limited Knowledge Among Working Women WOC White • *ADA 46% 70% • *Reasonable Accommodation 20%39% • *Family Medical Leave Act 36% 58% • Workforce Investment Act 10%4% • Vocational Rehabilitation 25%34% • One Stop Career Centers 21%20% • Ticket to Work 27%28% • Trial Work Period 20%29% • Don’t know any services 19%9%

  14. Working Women’s Concerns WOC White • *Long Hours 50%68% • *Balance Roles 61%75% • Limited Sick Leave 63%58% • Health Risk 61%55% • Keep Medical Appt 56%48% • Physical Work 50%49% • Employment Probation 35%30% • Limited Breaks 31%40% • Work with people 28%18% • Child Care 25%16%

  15. Health by WOC vs. White WOC White • *Over 95 Adherence 62% 80% • *Employed at Diagnosis-Yes 52%84% • *Pain Interference 27%38% • *Energy Enough 62%46% • *Expect Health Stable 75%58% • Visible HIV 7%6% • Past Health Stable 56%56%

  16. Potential Health & Prevention BenefitsSince my current job, my….…(if not working prior) WOC White • Self-care increased 58% 63% • CD-4 count increased 44% 54% • Med Adherence increased 35% 25% • Alcohol use decreased* 49% 21% • Drug use decreased 43% 21% • Unprotected sex decreased 37% 33% • # of sex partners decreased 24% 23%

  17. Unemployed Women WOC White • Able to work 41% 25% • Not sure if could work 33% 36% • Not able to work 26% 40%

  18. Summary • Employment is related to positive health and prevention outcomes for many women • Need to attend to those where outcomes are not positive • Women respondents reported lower incomes and lower educational levels than men • Respondents had very limited knowledge of vocational services, organizations or other related resources. • Need for vocational information and services to help improve outcomes for women with HIV/AIDS • Need to address structural barriers & health outcomes

  19. Limitations and Future Research • Initial descriptive findings • Need more sophisticated analysis to account for missing data and confounding influences • Volunteer sample • May not represent all of those with HIV/AIDS in New York State • More in-depth analysis will help to better understand factors that lead to different outcomes

  20. Acknowledgements • Positive Women’s Network • National Association of People with AIDS • AIDS Institute of New York State • National Institute of Disability & Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) • Maricela Carrera • Paul Datti & PSU Research Team • Eda Valero-Figueira • Brendan Galivan • Heather Homan, Heather Atkinson, Jonathan McClain • Mark Misrok, President NWPC

More Related