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Robin M. Williams identified a set of 15 values that are central to the American way of life. Most if not all of the traditional American values become internalized, meaning they become part of an individual’s personality thereby conditioning the individual to conform to society's expectations.
Causes of Social Change 1. Values & Beliefs • ideology--system of beliefs or ideas that justifies some social, moral, religious, political, or economic interest held by an individual or social group • social movement--long-term social effort to promote or prevent change
2. Technology--knowledge & tools people use to manipulate their culture • discovery--new use for an item • invention--existing knowledge to create something new
3. Population--increased or decreased demand on resources 4. Diffusion--spread cultural traits from one society to another 5. Physical environment--natural disasters 6. Wars--cause the greatest amount of change in the least amount of time and often lead to new technological advances
Resistance to Change • ethnocentrism--if you feel your culture is the best then you are not open to others' ideas or change • cultural lag--one aspect of a culture cannot keep up with other aspects • vested interest--we tend to care about things only if it directly affects our lives.
