They’ve had the time of their lives

1. 11 ECM – Achievement Standard 1.6: Construct and deliver an oral text They’ve had the time of their lives

2. What are you being asked to do? • Prepare and deliver an oral presentation (speech) to the class about someone who is a role model. • Explain how they’ve gone outside their comfort zone to achieve something significant. • Explain the outcomes of their actions and how they are a role model to teenagers today. • Try to explain why they are your • chosen role model.

3. What makes a role model? • Tackling challenges head on • Leading by example • Having the courage to stand up for what they believe in • Doing something no-one has done before • Unafraid to step outside their comfort zone

4. What is it worth? 3 credits  How do I get them?

5. What does this mean? • Your speech MUST be at least 3 minutes long. • Your ideas must be developed and structured . • Use oral language features with control. • Do what it takes to command attention. • You need to use oral language features that are appropriateto your audienceand purpose. Your audience is other students and your teacher so the language, techniques and tone that you use should reflect this. • Your purpose is (one of these): • To inform • To persuade • To motivate

6. What are oral language features? Techniques found in speeches. Why are they used? • They are used to gain the audience’s attention, to emphasise points and to make a speech more memorable, effective and persuasive.

7. What now ? We are going to look at techniques used in effective speeches. Each technique will be defined and an example provided. Next: Think about the purpose or effect of each technique and fill it in on the right-hand column of your table. Effective speeches, Mrs Mac, not effective dances!

8. Direct Address What is it?: the use of personal pronouns (‘you’ and ‘we’) or names of people or communities (e.g. ‘Jim’ or ‘Auckland’) to directly speak to/refer to the audience. Example: “We cannot go on like this any longer!” Why might this be used in a speech?

9. Rhetorical Question What is it?: a question used for dramatic effect that doesn’t require an answer Example: “When will they learn?” Why might this be used in a speech?

10. Anecdotes What is it?: Little stories that help to make a point. Example: “I was visiting a daycare centre when I noticed one of the babies was smiling at me and blinking its eyes.” Why might this be used in a speech?

11. Humour What is it?: Provoking laughter, or providing amusement, by the words used or the story. Example: NekkMinnitshe said to me, 'You'll never find anyone like me again!' I'm thinking, 'I should hope not! If I don't want you, why would I want someone else like you?' Why might this be used in a speech?

12. Analogy What is it? Using one thing to describe another with similar qualities Example: “Life is like a box of chocolates” Why might this be used in a speech?

13. Repetition What is it?: Repeating of words or phrases within a speech Example: “You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be” Why might this be used in a speech?

14. Alliteration What is it?: repetition of the first consonants in a group of words Example: “We must be big, brave and bold and bring our best game to the table” Why might this be used in a speech? Assonance What is it?: repetition of vowel sounds in a group of words Example: "I feel the need, the need for speed.“ Why might this be used in a speech?

15. Hyperbole What is it?: Exaggeration for effect Example: “It is impossible to leave your house without it being robbed” Why might this be used in a speech? Simile What is it?: A comparison of two things to create a more vivid image Examples: “They fought like cats and dogs” “Her hands were as cold as ice” Why might this be used in a speech?

16. Metaphor What is it?: Comparison of two things which seem different but have something in common Example: “You are the wind beneath my wings” Why might this be used in a speech? Emotive Language What is it?: Words which have very strong connotations Example: “They are thugs” (stronger meaning than ‘criminals’) Why might this be used in a speech?

17. Last one!  Common Experience What is it? Using an common event or occurrence to make a point. Example: “Have you ever waited for the bus on a Friday afternoon when it’s pouring with rain? The bus is late and all you want to do is get home and watch T.V!...” Why might this be used in a speech? Are there any of these techniques that you use in your day-to-day conversations?

18. Techniques in action... We are going to watch a video of a famous speech... See if you can spot any of the techniques being used... THINK about the questions below to yourself in silence for one minute: Who were the audience for this speech? What was the purpose of the speech? How effective did you think the speech was? Why? What techniques did you spot? What else made the speech work well? Now discuss your ideas with your partner. Be ready to share your thoughts with the class!