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Phare Water Statistics Budapest, Hungary 23 rd April 2004 Andre-François BOSCHET

Phare Water Statistics Budapest, Hungary 23 rd April 2004 Andre-François BOSCHET Benoît FRIBOURG-BLANC. 0-IOW Presentation I-Eurowaternet concepts II-Eurowaternet-Emissions III-EWN-e 2003 data collection test IV-Emission factors V-Conclusion. 0-IOW presentation Statute and missions

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Phare Water Statistics Budapest, Hungary 23 rd April 2004 Andre-François BOSCHET

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  1. Phare Water Statistics Budapest, Hungary 23rd April 2004 Andre-François BOSCHET Benoît FRIBOURG-BLANC

  2. 0-IOW Presentation I-Eurowaternet concepts II-Eurowaternet-Emissions III-EWN-e 2003 data collection test IV-Emission factors V-Conclusion

  3. 0-IOW presentation Statute and missions • Non profit making association, state approved • Created in 1991 • Missions : • gathering public organizations and private companies in an international network • provider of services of general interest (Training Centre, Information Centre) • Actor of international cooperation for sustainable management of water resources

  4. Local authorities, Municipalities Universities Research Centres Water Agencies Public enterprises Professional organizations Ministries 149 organizations (17 from foreign countries) Private companies Cooperation organizations Non Governmental Organizations IOW A network of partners

  5. Activities and sites Headquarters (9 employees) PARIS National Training Centre (57 employees) LIMOGES National Water Information Centre (21 employees) International Institute for Water Management (21 employees) SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS 106 permanent employees Sales : 7,4 M.EURO

  6. I-Eurowaternet concepts (Task undergoing as part of the European Topic Centre on Waters Work programme under subvention with European Environment Agency)

  7. II-Eurowaternet-Emissions - A reporting system for all emissions to water, comparable over Europe - long term goal : report only once for multiple (EU and international) uses - short term goal : allow EEA to report on and assess emissions to water, and contribute to the data collection and organisation for comparability

  8. Time period Geographical aggregation Quantity emitted Substance Source II-Eurowaternet-Emissions PRINCIPLE of EWN-e database

  9. PRINCIPLE of EWN-e database • Required data • Assessment Unit: area code and area name • Source categories: 7 emission sources in EWN-e • Individual sources: activities/location behind emissions • Determinands: name, amount and unit • Temporal Aggregation: year and period EWN-e database tables

  10. PROCESS (1) • Differences between collected data and required data : • file format: ACCESS, Excel, etc • determinands name • emission units: kg/day, kg/year • sources categories • geographical coverage: country or sub-basin Turn the collected data into the right format

  11. Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 PROCESS (2) EWN-e database main structure Data in original format Data converted into Access format and processed

  12. DATABASE STRUCTURE (1) • Main structure tables T_EWN_e_SOURCES_CATEGORY T_PRESSURES T_ASSESSMENT_UNIT T_EMISSIONS T_IND_SOURCES_LIST T_EWN_e_ DETERMINANDS

  13. 1 T_ASSESSMENT_UNIT T_EMISSIONS DATABASE STRUCTURE (2) • Relationships: • ONE-TO-MANY. Enforced referential integrity (cascade update only) Ex: • LIST BOX : to facilitate addition of data Ex: name of determinands, units, emission source in T_Emissions table

  14. Relationships scheme

  15. EUROSTAT-Newcronos III-EWN-e 2003 data collection test

  16. PRB Scheldt

  17. UK (EA)

  18. Some examples of Test indicators Indicator 1 :Trends in emission per Assessment Unit Data source: DENMARK AU: GUDEN A, ARHUS AMT Determinand: Total phosphorus

  19. Indicator 2 : Relative change of emissions between 1985 and 1999 Data source : OSPAR AU: Country

  20. Indicator 3 :Trends in emission per Assessment Unit Data source : EUROSTAT AU: Estonia

  21. Indicator 4 : Sectors contribution to overall emission per Assessment Unit and per year Data source: ICPDR AU: Romania, Tisa, Mures Year: 2000

  22. IV-Emission factors 1.Context 2.French TEF 3.Loire-Bretagne pilot study 4.Ifen/IOW study 5.Spanish study (TAU)

  23. 1.Context A complex picture…

  24. For each part of the system (sources, collecting systems, treatments) three types can be distinguished: - the biggest often emit most of the pollution and are measured (e.g. facilities in the EPER tool should together represent 90% of the emission of the parameter) • the smaller often emit individually small quantities but can represent together big emissions, and are far less measured (once a week or less) - non point, being difficult to measure are often ignored … BUT to obtain a complete picture asked for by the JQ : a need to calculate or estimate small and non point parts of the system using models and/or statistical data and emission factors

  25. 2.French TEF: - Created by the French Water Law 64/1245 - Used since 1964 in each Water Agency, covering France - It is a table giving emission factors for 375 different categories of industries a.Principle • Formula: Emission factor x Characteristic unit = quantity emitted • 2 types of emission factors: - raw pollution - net pollution • Regulated emission factors… …supplemented on demand …by measured emission factors

  26. b. Content There are 5 entry to the table - name of the category of polluting activities (letter + name) - code of the category (letter + number) - Characteristic unit (definition + unit) - emission factors dedicated to 9 determinands (SS, Organic matter, Inhibiting matter, Salts, reduced nitrogen, oxidised nitrogen, total phosphorus, AOX, Metox) - observations (dedicated to specific cases)

  27. French TEF: Problems - nomenclature process-oriented, - only industries of >400EH: exclude SMEs - confidentiality (measurement) - specific parameters not linked to CAS or other common classification : MA, MP, MO, METOX - based on month of maximum activity

  28. 3.French emission inventory study, diffuse sources: 1-agriculture: a.Principle

  29. French emission inventory study, agriculture: b.Nitrogen input - Atmospheric deposition originates from EMEP - Inorganic fertilisers: • sales at NUTS2 level, • use on each type of crop based on a national survey (NUTS3 level), • and surface of each crop on agriculture census and Corine Land Cover area - Nitrogen fixation by leguminous (alfalfa, peas…)

  30. French emission inventory study, agriculture: c.Nitrogen input : livestock - Number of animals in various categories (Agriculture census) - Calculation more detailed for cows: main contributor - Emission factor for the excretion of each type of animal - Emission factor for the manure produced by each type of animal (manure + volatilisation = excretion) - determinands : Nitrogen, Phosphorus - the methodology takes into account the time outside on fields

  31. French emission inventory study, agriculture: d.Nitrogen output - yields (NUTS3) - Nitrogen content of the products : harvested or fodder used for animals Nitrogen input – Nitrogen output = Nitrogen balance

  32. Practical application: JRC Calculation of Agricultural Nitrogen Quantity for EU River Basins, based on EUROSTAT data at NUTS 2 level (2001)

  33. French emission inventory study, agriculture: Pilot study used a transfer of 30% or 70% based on soil type Further work in course using: • rain water run-off • Soil type • Slope • … • Results available June 2004

  34. French emission inventory study, diffuse sources: 2-urban and industrial/commercial areas a.Principle : Using Corine Land Cover area and the % of impervious area, and an emission factor depending on the determinand (based on bibliography)

  35. b.Practical application Emissions of industrial/commercial and urban areas Diffuse industrial Diffuse urban

  36. 4.Emission factors to water : creation of a database a.Point sources : human being

  37. 4.Emission factors to water : creation of a database b.Point sources : industries i.final product ii.wastewater discharged

  38. Emission factors to water : creation of a database c.Linear (diffuse) sources

  39. 5. A Spanish study conducted by TAU in 2001 - 12 industrial activities, some subdivided, - Factors are calculated from statistical data from the profession and bibliography, (1995) - Factor are on energy, raw material, water consumed, products and by ptoducts, electricity, waste water, waste and emissions - Emissions factors are thus on waste water and water use.

  40. Spanish study: Content - for Waste water Emissions factor, it is mainly process water, thus it is difficult to calculate a factor per unit (e.g. Tonnes) - main parameters : COD, BOD, TSS, N and P, AOX is not very frequent. - tentative link of information gathered to NACE Code, - short description plus scheme of each activity in Spain, - short bibliography on the sources of information.

  41. Spanish study: one example

  42. Conclusion For Waste water statistics improvement • A need to cover all emission sources (point to diffuse, big to small) • A need to be as precise as possible at the optimum cost • A need to share approaches of which emission factors A need for an emission factor database

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