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Multicultural Studies - Native Americans

Multicultural Studies - Native Americans. History of Native Americans. OBJECTIVES: TSWBAT describe the migration of tribes from Asia to North & South America. TSWBAT identify the major tribes of Native Americans in present-day United States.

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Multicultural Studies - Native Americans

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  1. Multicultural Studies - Native Americans

  2. History of Native Americans OBJECTIVES: TSWBAT describe the migration of tribes from Asia to North & South America. TSWBAT identify the major tribes of Native Americans in present-day United States. TSWBAT explain the adaptation of Native Americans to the physical geography of North America.

  3. Original Migrations • Historians and scientists have based their belief that there were 3 waves of migrations to North and South America from artifacts and genetic data. • 1st wave: From Siberia throughout North and South America during the last ICE AGE • 2nd wave: Possibly from western Eurasia  settled in northern regions of North America • 3rd wave: Possibly from western Eurasia/Africa/Asia  settled in north regions of North America

  4. Adapted to their Natural Environment • Northeast U.S.: • Built “wigwams” and “long houses” for shelter; • Made boat/canoes, fished, hunted/trapped small animals, made clothes/shoes out of animal skins and fur; grew small gardens. • Southeast U.S.: • Built “thatched huts” and “wigwams” for shelter; • Made boats/canoes, fished, hunted, gathered food, made clothes/shoes out of animal skins; grew small gardens

  5. Adapted to the Natural Environment, con. • Mid-west: • Built “teepees” for shelter; • Hunted buffalo and small prairie animals • Southwest: • Built multi-level adobe homes • Made mud bricks (for homes); planted small gardens; hunted and gathered food • Known for making silver and turquoise jewelry for trading

  6. Native American Tribal Wars • Tribal wars did occur primarily due to: • Territory was invaded by a neighboring tribe • Powerful/large tribal alliance seeking to expand their hunting territory • Kidnapping of a local tribe member(s) • Theft of property • Unapproved inter-tribal marriage

  7. Development of Native American – European Relationship 1st: Fear/Curiosity  thought Europeans were ghosts or sea 2nd: Tentative trading relationships forged 3rd: Peace treaties were created as more Europeans arrived and claim Native American land for colonies and farming 4th: Suspicion and distrust Broken treaties; epidemic of mysterious European diseases wiped out many tribes 5th: Hostility and distrust  More broken treaties; forced migration further west 6th: Resolution and broken spirit Forced migration to reservations

  8. Video Clip: US – Native American Treaties http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fb24eNe-q6I

  9. Native American contributions

  10. Native American Contributions & Contemporary IssuesTSWBAT assess the various contributions made by Native Americans to American society.TSWBAT discuss contemporary issues of Native Americans using newspaper and magazine articles and newsclips.

  11. Government The idea that the Central government has the most power and the local governments are given remaining powers  modeled by the Iroquois nation; suggested by Benjamin Franklin: “…a truly American form of government.”

  12. Names/WORDS

  13. Farming skills Native American taught first pilgrims how to plant corn and other crops using fish as fertilizer.

  14. Customs/traditions/Medicine • Meditation • Respect for mother nature • Peace pipe • Use of herbs, plants as natural remedies for breaking fever, infections, inflamation, etc. • Use of Quinine • Remedy for scurvy – eating plants with high sources of vitamin c (shared this with Europeans)

  15. Art/jewelry/architecture • Use of animal bones and teeth, small pebbles, silver to create beautiful necklaces, bracelets, and embellishment for clothing.

  16. Clothing/shoes • Cotton • Rubber • Mocassin – soft, comfortable shoes made from animal skins • Buck skin clothing – trousers, tunic shirts/dresses, and jackets/coats

  17. Transportation • Canoe – hewn out logs used to navigate rivers • Snowshoes – made walking over snow possible • Tobogganing

  18. sports • Lacrosse • Almost all youth groups (i.e. boy/girl scouts) are based on arts and crafts, camping techniques, and character building from native American culture and value system • Tobogganing

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