Sustainable Energy Action Plans for cities: the potential of the building sector

1. Sustainable Energy Action Plans for cities: the potential of the building sector E.Giama1,*, T.Slini2 and A.M. Papadopoulos1 1 Process Equipment Design Laboratory 2 Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering *Dr. Efrosini Giama, fgiama@auth.gr 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

2. Targets to achieve • The Legislative framework is focused on priorities that include the following: • • Energy efficiency; • Reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; • Integrated energy market; • • Consumers highest possible level of protection and security; • • Energy technology and innovation; 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

3. The Energy for Mayors Project The target: Local authorities are committed to go beyond the European climate and energy objective set for 2020 by decreasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in their regions by at least 20%. Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs) is a formal commitment towards a sustainable energy future describing the direction in which authorities need to move. So far it has achieved: 180 new municipalities joining the Covenant 60+ municipalities accompanied with their SEAP development and implementation 34 new Covenant Coordinators (CC) or Covenant Supporters (CS) created to help communities 10 Energy Days organized per year in the project regions 8 pilot Energy Management Systems (EMS) implemented. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

4. Initiatives for Local Authorities (1/2) • Initiatives within the Energy for Mayors commitment: • Retrofit of municipal building stock (restoration, standards and audits). • Effective management of energy transportation. • Monitoring of fuel consumption by the public transport. • Preventive maintenance of transport vehicles. • Renewal of the transport vehicles fleet. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

5. Initiatives for Local Authorities (2/2) • Optimization of the transport communication schemes with a view to reduce traffic intensity. • Preventive maintenance of street lighting systems and equipment. • Use of renewable energy sources (RES). • Optimization of the energy distribution systems. • Sustainable urban and local planning. • Implementation of pilot bioclimatic architectural projects and civil engineering solutions for high energy performance. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

6. The Energy for Mayors Project in Central Macedonia Region The Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Environmental Engineering (LHTEE) closely collaborated with the Central Macedonia Region, Greece in order to support the development and assessment of SEAPs of seven local municipalities of the Greater Thessaloniki Area: • Municipality of Thessaloniki • Municipality of Ampelokipoi- Menemeni • Municipality of Kordelio- Evosmos • Municipality of Delta • Municipality of Lagadas • Municipality of Thermaikos • Municipality of Chalkidona. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

7. Current Situation in Building Sector (1/4) • 68% of the total building stock, is constructed before the Thermal Insulation Regulation in Buildings in 1979. • The insufficient implementation of the Thermal Insulation Regulation in Buildings considered over the period to 1985. • The continuous increase in both number and installed capacity of systems and appliances that consume mainly electricity. • Thermal comfort need in the summer, combined with the lower cost of equipment, led to the installation and operation of over 3,000,000 conditioning units. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

8. Current Situation in Building Sector (2/4) • Underestimate the energy planning in building design. • The delayed introduction of an updated, integrated energy regulation to the Greek legislation. Only in 2010 the Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations (KENAK, TEE, 2010) came into force at a time when, unfortunately, the construction activity was practically diminished. • Relevance between year of construction and energy consumption (kWh/m2) in Municipality of Lagadas • Relevance between year of construction and energy consumption (kWh/m2) in Municipality of Lagadas after renovations 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

9. Current Situation in Building Sector (3/4) The annual energy consumption in 42 school blocks in the Municipality of Thessaloniki for the period 2008-2012 (in kW) 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

10. Current Situation in Building Sector (4/4) The annual energy consumption of public buildings in the Municipality of Lagadas (in kW) by built year. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

11. Methodological Approach (1/3) • The buildings were divided according to their use: • Residential buildings: the category includes houses and block of flats. • Public buildings: this class includes public buildings that are municipal buildings, municipal services offices, medical and cultural centre, warehouses. • Schools: the category refers to all school infrastructures that operate under the surveillance of the municipality. • Sport centers: the class consists of open air grounds and indoor facilities. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

12. Methodological Approach (2/3) • According to their year of construction the buildings were classifies as follows: • Before 1960: non insulated with old methods of construction • 1961 - 1985: non insulated • 1986 - 1995: poorly insulated • 1996 - 2010: fully insulated (according to the Thermal Insulation Regulation) • 2011 – today: structured employing the KENAK. • Depending on the age of the building and construction characteristics, the primary energy consumption was calculated by the Hellenic Energy Performance tool TEE-KENAK. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

13. Potential Interventions in Public Buildings 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

14. Concluding….. The issue of energy renovation measures in existing buildings is important and complex. Considering the harsh reality of Greece, a dramatic increase of energy poverty is already prevailing and this has been proven, as a result of the most dramatic drop in living standards experienced anywhere since World War II. Furthermore, as those results do not take into consideration the tax increase on oil and the price increase in electricity in the winter period 2012-2013, they are an alarming warning for the coming years. The role of municipalities and regional authorities is crucial for a series of reasons: they are responsible for the operation of public buildings affecting sensitive population groups, like schools and can provide the good example needed to promote new energy conservation technologies. Finally, international cooperation is valuable, in order to develop sustainable and viable energy action plans. Multilateral initiatives seem to be the most successful way to address climate change with Energy for Mayorsto be recognized as a successful example. 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change

15. Thank you for your attention 6th International PROMITHEAS Conference on Energy and Climate Change