1 / 9

Envirothon

A Few More Soils Tips…. Envirothon. How does Parent Material Convert to Soil?. 4 main processes: Additions Losses Translocations Transformations. Additions. Occur because … Organic material decays Floods bring in silt Wind blows in loess. Losses. Most commonly occur by leaching

jaguar
Download Presentation

Envirothon

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. A Few More Soils Tips…. Envirothon

  2. How does Parent Material Convert to Soil? • 4 main processes: • Additions • Losses • Translocations • Transformations

  3. Additions Occur because … • Organic material decays • Floods bring in silt • Wind blows in loess

  4. Losses Most commonly occur by leaching • Minerals dissolve in water and move out of the soil • sodium salts, gypsum, and calcium carbonate, are relatively soluble and leach easily • Quartz, aluminum, iron oxides, and kaolinitic clay weather don’t leach easily and become the main components of highly weathered soil. • Nitrogen & Potassium are water soluble – leach

  5. Losses • Also due to • Erosion (solid materials) • Gas evaporation – Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen

  6. Translocations Movement of soil material from one place to another. (Physical Changes) • Usually because minerals dissolve in water and water table can move up or down leaving salts in different layers of the soil. • Hardpans formed this way

  7. Transformations • Chemical changes occurring in soil • Caused by microorganisms • Weathering changes minerals • Reduction of Iron Oxides (red mottles) in hydric soils (grey mottles)

  8. Soil Properties • Cation Exchange Capacity – ability of a soil to hold onto cations. • Important plant nutrients such as Magnesium, Potassium, Iron, Ammonium are cations! • Available Water Capacity • Determined by texture, content of rock, depth of roots, organic matter, compaction

  9. Soil Properties • Soil Structure predicts permeability Most to Least • Granular • Prismatic • Subangular Blocky • Platy

More Related