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Cell Parts

Cell Parts. Dissecting the cell. Plasma Membrane. Cells must control the materials that enter and leave. The PM is the boundary between the cell and it’s environment. Homeostasis. Homeostasis is the process of maintaining the cell’s environment.

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Cell Parts

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  1. Cell Parts Dissecting the cell

  2. Plasma Membrane • Cells must control the materials that enter and leave. • The PM is the boundary between the cell and it’s environment.

  3. Homeostasis • Homeostasis is the process of maintaining the cell’s environment. • Selective permeability is the process where a cell allows some molecules into the cell and not others.

  4. PM Structure • PM is made of a phospholipid bilayer • Two phospholipid layers • Hydrophilic – “likes” water • Hydrophobic – “afraid” of water

  5. Cytoplasm • Thick jelly-like substance that fills the cell • Allows material to be moved around the cell.

  6. Control Center The Nucleus

  7. Nucleus • The nucleus contains the genetic material for the cell • Chromosomes • Nuclear Envelope • Double membrane • Nuclear pores

  8. Chromosomes • Chromosomes are made of DNA. • DNA is the genetic material that holds all the information in the organism. • Located inside the nucleus

  9. Homework • Organelle Summary Sheet • Flashcards

  10. Assembly, Transport & Storage Other organelles

  11. Ribosomes • Ribosomes control protein synthesis • Made by the nucleolus • Found floating freely in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

  12. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Site of chemical reactions in the cells • Rough ER • Covered in ribosomes • Smooth ER • No ribosomes

  13. Golgi Apparatus • Sorts and packages products of the ER • Sends packaged proteins to various locations around the cell • Uses vesicles as packaging

  14. Vacuoles & Lysosomes • Vacuoles are used in temporary storage of materials • Plant cells have one large vacuole while animal cells have many smaller vacuoles • Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break apart cellular waste for re-use

  15. Cellular Energy Mitochondria

  16. Mitochondria • Energy powerhouses for the cell • Found in plant and animal cells • Double membrane • Increased surface area for reactions

  17. Support

  18. Cytoskeleton • Interior network of support in cells • Criss-crossed web of small “support beams” • Microtubules • Microfilaments

  19. Homework • Organelle Summary Sheet • Flashcards

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