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Vineyard Trellis Systems

Vineyard Trellis Systems . High Head systems Single Curtain systems Double Curtain systems. High Head Systems. Umbrella Kniffin Four-Arm Kniffin Keuka High Renewal. Umbrella Kniffin Advantages. Easily learned by hand pruners Fruit high, distributed and well exposed

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Vineyard Trellis Systems

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  1. Vineyard Trellis Systems • High Head systems • Single Curtain systems • Double Curtain systems

  2. High Head Systems • Umbrella Kniffin • Four-Arm Kniffin • Keuka High Renewal

  3. Umbrella Kniffin Advantages • Easily learned by hand pruners • Fruit high, distributed and well exposed • Utilizes long canes for fruitful nodes • Simple trellis construction

  4. Umbrella Kniffen Disadvantages • Plenty of annual tying: spring &summer tying • Not adaptable to mechanical pruning • Less adaptable to shoot positioning

  5. Four Arm Kniffen Advantages • Ease of pruning • Use of long canes • Vertical distribution of fruit • More tolerant to winter injury

  6. Four Arm Kniffen Disadvantages • Plenty of annual tying of canes • Not adaptable to mechanized pruning • Difficult to maintain quality of lower nodes • Not compatible with systematic leaf removal and shoot positioning

  7. Keuka High Renewal Advantages • Utilizes long canes • Canes originate from a central region • Very compatible with frequent replacement of vine parts in response to frequent winter injury

  8. Keuka High Renewal Disadvantages • Plenty of annual tying, more summer tying • Difficult for inexperienced pruners • Notadaptable to mechanized pruning • Not adaptable to systematic leaf removal and shoot positioning

  9. Single Curtain systems • Hudson River Umbrella • High Cordon

  10. Hudson River Umbrella Advantages • Low cost trellis • Suited to trailing growth (downward) • Pruning is rapid and tying is minimized • Well adapted to mechanical harvesting and pruning • Fruit high for good sun exposure

  11. Hudson River Umbrella Disadvantages • Large area of perennial wood retained exposed to possible winter injury • Not suited for upward growth habits or must provide trellis and positioning for upward growth

  12. High Cordon Advantages • Adaptable to mechanical pruning, unskilled manual pruning, and mechanical shoot positioning • Fruit high for good sun exposure • Little or no summer tying

  13. High Cordon Disadvantages • Tends to reduce vine vigor, especially if shoots are positioned • Difficult to establish cordons where there is frequent winter injury • Old cordons are hard to remove from wires (in case of cordon replacement) and old cordons may become a reservoir for diseases

  14. Double Curtain Systems Geneva Double Curtain: First divided canopy training system Designed by Dr. Nelson Shaulis, Geneva Experiment Station, Geneva, NY

  15. Geneva Double Curtain Advantages • Doubles cordon length per acre cane pruned • Increased exposure to sunlight • Better fruit and vine maturation • Increased fruit yield 50%

  16. Geneva Double Curtain Disadvantages • Requires a vigorous variety and site • TALL trellis. Way to go, Dad!

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