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Experiences and Lessons Learnt, 28 October 2009

Development of a TDA and SAP for the Protection of the Western Indian Ocean Coastal and Marine Environment from Land-based Sources and Activities. “People of the region prospering from a healthy Western Indian Ocean”. Experiences and Lessons Learnt, 28 October 2009. Overview of the presentation.

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Experiences and Lessons Learnt, 28 October 2009

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  1. Development of a TDA and SAP for the Protection of the Western Indian Ocean Coastal and Marine Environment from Land-based Sources and Activities “People of the region prospering from a healthy Western Indian Ocean” Experiences and Lessons Learnt, 28 October 2009 UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  2. Overview of the presentation • Context • The TDA development process • The SAP development process • Implementing the SAP • Lessons learnt UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  3. The TDA/SAP Approach as a Management Tool for the WIO Context UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  4. UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project Addressing land-based activities in the Western Indian Ocean UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  5. Context Nairobi Convention Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from land-based Activities UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  6. Context The Agulhas and Somali Current Large Marine Ecosystem UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  7. Context: • The UNEP implemented West Indian Ocean Land Based Sources of Pollution Project (WIO-LaB) • The World Bank implemented Southwest Indian Ocean Fisheries Project (SWIOFP) • The UNDP implemented Agulhas and Somali Current Large Marine Ecosystem (ASCLME) Project Three Projects: UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  8. Scope of the WIO-LaB TDA • Geographical scope: WIO and its catchment area • Thematic scope: Land-based activities UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  9. Key characteristics of the WIO-LaB TDA/SAP process • (Political) framework provided by the Nairobi Convention • WIO-LaB TDA and SAP to be coordinated with ASCLMEs and SWIOFP Projects • Dedicated TDA and SAP Task Teams for drafting of TDA and SAP • Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee to provide scientific leadership and means of validation of TDA • SAP development linked to the development of specific National Action Plans (NAP) UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  10. Current status Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis finalised Strategic Action Programme preparedand negotiated UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  11. The TDA/SAP Approach as a Management Tool for the WIO The WIO-LaB TDA process UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  12. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  13. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  14. The TDA Drafting Team • Pollution: • Dr. Susan Taljaard (CSIR) • Dr. Sixtus Kayombo (UDSM) • PADH: • Dr. Salomao Bandeiro (UEM) • Dr. James Kairo (KMFRI) • Legal and Institutional • Mr. Akunga Momanyi (Nairobi University) – Regional Legal Expert • Prof. Jan Glazewski (UCT) - Legal Task Force member • Socio-economics • Dr. Jacob Ochiewo (KMFRI) • River-coast interaction • Dr. Anton Earle (ACWR) • Dr. Daniel Malzbender (ACWR) UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  15. TDA Management Structure THE TDA DRAFTING TEAM COORDINATED BY THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT (PMU) UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  16. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  17. Pollution from land-based sources UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  18. Physical alteration and destruction of habitats UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  19. Alteration in river flow and sediment loads UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  20. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  21. Fact finding Fact-finding and assessment for TDA development ongoing as part of scope of work of specific Task Forces: • Task Force on Water, Sediment and Biota Quality • MWW Task Force • PADH Task Force • EIA Task Force • Legal and Technical Review Task Force UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  22. Main building blocks for the WIO-LaB TDA Pollution River basins Regional Status of Pollution Assessment Regional Status of MWW Assessment Regional Marine Litter Assessment Assessment of River-coast Interactions in the WIO Region Governance Assessment of existing Policy, Legal and Institutional Frameworks for LBA Management Assessment of the Status of Ratification of International Conventions Related to LBA Review of Legislation, and Institutions Relevant to PADH PADH Regional PADH Assessment Assessment of Shoreline Changes in the WIO Assessment of Socio-economic Implications of PADH UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  23. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  24. Socio-economic Consequences Socio-economic consequences The consequences of the environmental impacts in terms of social and economic effects, both direct and indirect, such as loss of revenue, lowering quality of life, health The effects of biophysical changes on the social and economic well-being of the population, e.g. reduced revenues from fisheries or health risks Environmental impacts The effects of activities on the biophysical environment, e.g. changes in species composition or mortality of marine organisms Transboundary problem Underlying sector and immediate causes The immediate causes of the problem, including the sectors associated with such causes, e.g. effluent streams related to industries and coastal settlements; soil erosion related to agriculture and forestry, etc. Root causes The underlying (fundamental) reasons for the problem, e.g. poverty, bad governance or financial constraints Causal chain and governance analysis UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  25. UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  26. Sample of problem ranking UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  27. Governance and stakeholder analysis UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  28. Establishment of a TDA Drafting Team Initial review of transboundary problems Fact finding (data collection and analysis) Causal chain and governance analysis Validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  29. The role of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC) Act as a Scientific and Technical Advisory Board for the TDA Drafting Team throughout the various stages of development of the TDA report. Review and comment upon the draft WIO TDA report as prepared and submitted by the TDA Drafting Team. Facilitate and coordinate, where appropriate, the review of the above-described draft TDA report by relevant scientific constituencies at the national and regional levels. Recommend appropriate intervention measures to be considered for inclusion in the Strategic Action Plan (SAP) for the WIO Region. UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  30. The TDA/SAP Approach as a Management Tool for the WIO Process of development of the SAP UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  31. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  32. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  33. Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and Strategic Action Programme (TDA/SAP) Constitution of the SAP drafting team: • Government representatives • Civil society • Academic institutions • Technical experts UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  34. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  35. Structure of the Framework SAP • Pollution from land-bases sources and consequent degeneration of water quality • Physical alteration and destruction of habitats • Alteration in fresh water flows and sediment loads from rivers • Governance and other cross-cutting issues Four thematic areas of intervention: UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  36. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  37. Structure of the SAP Vision EQ Objective EQ Objective EQ Objective Target Target Target Action Action Action UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  38. A common vision for the region “People of the region prospering from a healthy Western Indian Ocean” • Five key principles: • Equity • Sharing responsibility and management • Harmony between resource users and nature • An informed society, and • Lifestyles adjusted to sustainability. UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  39. Environmental Quality Objectives By 2032 in the WIO region: • Critical coastal habitats will be protected, restored and managed for sustainable use; • Water quality will meet international standards; and • River flows will be wisely and sustainably managed By 2013, there will be: • Effective collaboration at regional level in addressing transboundary challenges UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  40. Targets • Specific short (5 year), medium (5-15 year) and long-term (15-25 year) targets defined for each objective: • Policy and legal reforms • Information generation and analysis • Capacity and awareness building • Investments UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  41. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  42. Consultative steps in SAP preparation SAP Drafting Workshop MWW Task Force PADH Task Force LTR Task Force WSQ Working Group Regional SAP Stakeholder Workshop National SAP Stakeholder Workshops Final SAP Final Technical Discussions UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  43. Establishment of a SAP Drafting Team Bridging the TDA and SAP Analysis and definition of strategic action National and regional stakeholder consultations Finalisation and validation UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  44. Principal mechanisms for endorsement of the SAP • Project Steering Committee • Conference of Parties to the Nairobi Convention UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  45. Implementing the SAP • Mainstreaming into national development plans • Identification of partners for SAP implementation • Development of concrete proposals for partner support • Designation of Regional Activity Centers • Monitoring and evaluation of SAP implementation by the Nairobi Convention Secretariat UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  46. National roll-out A Strategic Action Programme on Land-based Sources and Activities Management A new Protocol on Land-based Sources and Activities for the Nairobi Convention Mainstreaming Land-based Sources and Activities Management at the National Level UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  47. Regional versus national action • A two-way process • Linked to LBSA Protocol Regional Strategic Action Programme (SAP) NationalAction Plan NationalAction Plan NationalAction Plan NationalAction Plan NationalAction Plan UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  48. Mainstreaming / Development of National Programmes of Action 6 countries engaged in mainstreaming / developing National Programmes of Action: • Tanzania • Kenya • South Africa (completed) • Mauritius • Seychelles • Mozambique UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  49. The WIO-LaB TDA and SAP Lessons learnt UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

  50. Three plusses • Involvement of regionally-accepted experts in the TDA development facilitates regional acceptance • Inclusive SAP development process has led to strong partnerships and ownership • The attachment to the Nairobi Convention secures a relatively straightforward governance mechanism UNEP/GEF WIO-LaB Project

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