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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. The Endocrine System. The Endocrine System. Functions regulate growth regulate reproduction utilization of nutrients salt and fluid balance regulation of metabolic rate adaptation to stress Control w/ Hormone chemical messengers responses may last

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 The Endocrine System

  2. The Endocrine System • Functions • regulate growth • regulate reproduction • utilization of nutrients • salt and fluid balance • regulation of metabolic rate • adaptation to stress • Control w/ Hormone • chemical messengers • responses may last • target tissues can be specific • entire body can be target • many have multiple effects

  3. Structure that Secrete Hormones • Endocrine Gland • “ductless” • hormones • pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pineal, thymus • organs • pancreas & gonads • Other Tissue & Organs • wall of digestion organs • placenta & kidneys

  4. Chemistry of Hormones • Steroid Hormone • derived from cholesterol • sex glands & adrenal cortex • Amino Acid Base • simplest hormones • many types (I.e. epinephrine) • Prostaglandins • from fatty acids

  5. How Hormones Work • Receptors in the target cells • hormones chemically bond w/ receptors • Mechanisms • alter activity of cells • change permeability • synthesize proteins • activate/deactivate enzymes • stimulate mitosis • Onset & Duration • <1 min ---> 30 minutes

  6. Hormone Regulation of Secretion • Hormonal • Humoral • blood levels • Neural

  7. Gigantism

  8. Goiter Graves Disease

  9. Cushings Disease

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