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SAFE ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE

SAFE ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE. Elena de la Peña Technical Director Spanish Road Association. THE SPANISH ROAD ASSOCIATION. Founded in 1949, with the aim of promoting more and better roads in Spain. Member of IRF and ERF.

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SAFE ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE

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  1. SAFE ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE Elena de la Peña Technical Director Spanish Road Association ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  2. THE SPANISH ROAD ASSOCIATION • Founded in 1949, with the aim of promoting more and better roads in Spain. • Member of IRF and ERF. • Reference at a national and international level in the field of road safety. • More than 100 research projects and other activities related to road safety during the last 20 years. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  3. CONTENTS • Road accidents in Europe. • Characterisation of road accidents - main problems. • Tools for road safety management from the infrastructure perspective. • Some additional & non-traditional ideas. • Conclusions. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  4. CONTENTS • Road accidents in Europe. • Characterisation of road accidents - main problems. • Tools for road safety management from the infrastructure perspective. • Some additional & non-traditional ideas. • Conclusions. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  5. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (I) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  6. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (II) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  7. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (III) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  8. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (IV) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  9. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (V) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  10. CONTENTS • Road accidents in Europe. • Characterisation of road accidents - main problems. • Tools for road safety management from the infrastructure perspective. • Some additional & non-traditional ideas. • Conclusions. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  11. TRADITIONAL APPROACH Factors in road accidents. Percentage of simple and combined factors in the causes of road accidents Road and environment Road users Vehicles Simple factor Double factor Triple factor Double factor Source: B. E. Sabey y G. C. Staughton: “Interacting roles of road environment, vehicle and road user in accidents” ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  12. FACTORS; CAUSES? FACTORS INVOLVED Inadequate speed Forbidden movement Invasion of contrary lane Not keeping safety distance Distraction Tiredness Possible sick Alcohol consumption Drug consumption Pedestrian in the road Animal in the road Mechanic problem in road Weather conditions Other causes Unknown ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  13. CHARACTERISATION OF ROAD ACCIDENTS • High % of road accidents in secondary roads (single carriageways). • More than 30% of accidents are road run-off. • Frequent common factors: • Inadequate speed. • Distraction. • Pedestrian run-over. • Use of restraint systems (Spain, summer 2006): • 28% of killed (105) not using safety belts. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  14. CONTENTS • Road accidents in Europe. • Characterisation of road accidents - main problems. • Tools for road safety management from the infrastructure PERSPECTIVE. • Some additional & non-traditional ideas. • Conclusions. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  15. TOOLS FOR SAFE ROAD MANAGEMENT • Reactive strategies: • Management of high-accident-rate road sections. • Safety inspections. • Preventive strategies: • Road safety audits (new and existing roads). • Road safety impact assessment. • Improvement of road & environment perception: • Urban context: speed reduction and mitigation of conflicts among other users. • Rural context: dangerous road sections, speed excesses,… • Reduction of level of danger: forgiving roads. • Considering all possible road users. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  16. ROAD & ENVIRONMENT USERS ROAD SAFETY ENFORCEMENT VEHICLE ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  17. URBAN CONTEXT (I) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  18. URBAN CONTEXT (II) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  19. RURAL CONTEXT (I) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  20. RURAL CONTEXT (II) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  21. COST EFFECTIVENESS OF ROAD SAFETY MEASURES. USA 1993 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  22. CONTENTS • Road accidents in Europe. • Characterisation of road accidents - main problems. • Tools for road safety management from the infrastructure perspective. • Some additional & non-traditional ideas. • Conclusions. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  23. THE WHITE SPOT ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  24. THE WHITE SPOT PROVISIONAL DEFINITION OF “Road section of a certain length where, during a certain period of time, no fatality accidents have happened” ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  25. PREVIOUS CONCLUSIONES • Not suitable for dual carriageway network. • Great disperssion of accidents (higher traffic volumes, higher risk of accident and greater uniformity in alignment). • Only suitable for SINGLE CARRIAGEWAY NETWORK. • Some difficulties: lack of continuity in the information provided due to works, lack of coherence in accident records, bad identification of exact location,… ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  26. DEFINITION OF WHITE SPOT “Road section 25 km long (single carriageway) where, during at least the last 5 years, no fatality accidents have happened” ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  27. ROADS WITH WHITE SPOTS CARRETERAS CON TRAMOS BLANCOS EN LA RCE N-642;21 N-640;150 N-625;20 N-547;6 N-621;93 N-629;51 N-621;93 N-640;150 N-540;48 N-625;20 N-623;90 N-240;56 N-260;238 N-627;51 N-536;40 N-541;20 N-230;82 N-123;19 N-622;22 N-525;46 N-111;130 N-610;28 N-113;15 N-631;42 N-152;50 N-240;56 N-122;178 N-122;178 N-501;30 N-211;293 N-204;52 N-234;247 N-403;98 N-110;151 N-320;216 N-400;103 N-225;31 N-400;103 N-502;322 N-521;49 N-310;46 N-435;151 N-432;252 N-325;7 N-433;103 (Denominación ; km de tramos blancos) Km de TRAMOS BLANCOS 5-50 km 50-100 km 100-200 km >200 km N-341;11 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  28. THE “WHITEST” ROADS LAS 20 CARRETERAS MAS BLANCAS DE LA RCE N-629;52% N-621;58% N-640;62% N-623;56% N-540;57% N-627;85% N-152;75% N-622;52% N-631;74% N-111;65% N-211;87% N-204;77% N-403;52% N-225;64% N-320;64% N-400;54% N-502;79% N-432;50% N-435;64% N-341;60% (Denominación ; % km de tramos blancos) ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  29. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  30. CHARACTERISATION OF WHITE SPOTS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  31. Examples ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  32. Examples ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  33. Examples ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  34. Examples ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  35. DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS • Control relationship ADT - % heavy vehicles. • Consider 3 m width lanes. • Avoid very wide shoulders (>1,5m). • Provide right maintenance of road markings. • Provide road signs  90 cm; reflectance level  1; age. • Provide guidance equipment. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  36. MIMAR: MAP FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF ENVIRONMENT FROM THE ROAD NETWORK ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  37. MIMAR. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  38. COMPATIBILITY AMONG DIFFERENT ROAD USERS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  39. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (VI) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  40. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (VII) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  41. GLOBAL VISION OF ACCIDENTS (VIII) Source: ETSC, 2006 ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  42. COMPATIBILITY AMONG USERS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  43. ROAD SAFETY IN PLANNING STAGES ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  44. ROAD SAFETY AND PLANNING • ROAD HIERARCHY: • Congestion, €, safety. • Distinguish between roads for long-distance travels and local movement roads. • USES OF GROUND. • Minimize possible conflict with traffic. • ACCESS CONTROL. • Regulate the nature of crosses between different roads. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  45. ROAD HIERARCHY • Main itineraries: could be used for the separation of incompatible uses. • Each road type should transmit its role, considering traffic and speed. • Crosses between roads: • Between roads of same type. • With roads of immediate higher or lower hierarchy. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  46. MOTORWAYS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  47. DISTRIBUTION ROADS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  48. ACCESS ROADS ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  49. ROADS IN RESIDENTIAL, COMMERCIAL OR LEISURE AREAS. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

  50. PLANNING: RESIDENTIAL AREAS. • Avoid alignments for high speed. • Avoid long-distance traffic. • Priority for pedestrians at all design process. • Parking areas far from play grounds, walking, sports,… • Avoid heavy vehicles parking. ROADS OF THE FUTURE. ATHENS, 8-9 JUNE 2007

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