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Industrial Revolution and Jacksonian America

Industrial Revolution and Jacksonian America . Economic Nationalism. Financial System: Second Bank of US establishes national currency and expands credit. Protective Tariff: helps manufacturers. Transportation: expansion of canals and roads. Industrial Revolution .

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Industrial Revolution and Jacksonian America

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  1. Industrial Revolution and Jacksonian America

  2. Economic Nationalism • Financial System: Second Bank of US establishes national currency and expands credit. • Protective Tariff: helps manufacturers. • Transportation: expansion of canals and roads.

  3. Industrial Revolution • Industrial Revolution- ongoing effort over many decades to increase production by using machines instead of human or animal power • Why Industrial Revolution? Population is growing • Began in Great Britain. Samuel Slater brings Revolution to America by building water powered textile mill • Water powers tools, making it possible to make clothes faster and cheaper

  4. The Cotton Gin • Textile Mills are speeding up production, but they need cotton coming in • Eli Whitney invents machine that separates cotton seeds from the cotton fiber • Cotton production skyrockets

  5. Cotton Gin and the Civil War • After Cotton Gin… • Southerners look for places to grow cotton • Era of territorial expansion begins • Planters settle in Alabama, Mississippi, and (Mexican controlled) Texas - Planters bring more enslaved Africans • Number of slaves doubles from 1790-1820. Not there are 1.5 million • Cotton Gin reinforces idea that slavery isn’t going anywhere

  6. Sectionalism widens • Sectionalism- loyalty to your section of the country • North- Industrializing • South- Devoted completely to farming

  7. Election of 1824 • Jackson wins electoral votes and popular votes. Adams comes in second Clay (Speaker of House) comes in last • No Candidate gets 51% of total electoral votes • Election goes to House • “Corrupt Bargain” puts Quincy Adams in White House • Corrupt Bargain=

  8. Election of 1828 • Jackson vs. Quincy Adams • First race when the Democrats (Jackson) face the Republicans (Quincy Adams)---Republicans will eventually become the Whig Party

  9. Election of 1828 • Jackson against Quincy Adams • Republican (Adams) • Major role for Fed. Govt • Northern upper class • Democrat (Jackson) • Small role for fed. Govt • Southern common men • Slaveholders

  10. Jackson- “Dance with the girl who brought you” • Jackson able to beat Adams because many states allow non-property owning White males to vote for first time in 1828 • They all vote for Jackson. • Jackson never forgets their support, and his roots

  11. Jackson’s inauguration

  12. Andrew Jackson • Enemy of Native Americans (Seminole War) • Enemy of British (only President to have fought in two Wars- Revolutionary War and War of 1812) • Defender of common man • Hates National Bank

  13. Jackson’s Indian Policy • After invention of Cotton Gin, Southern farmers want to expand into Native American land in Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi • 1829- Gold found in Georgia- Whites flood into Indian land • Jackson firm believer in Manifest Destiny • Belief that it is the destiny/pre-decided outcome for all Americans to control all the land in between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans • Jackson’s goal is to get US to Pacific, it won’t happen until James K. Polk is in office 4 Presidents later

  14. Jackson’s Indian policies (cont) • 1830- Congress passes Indian Removal Act • Indians move west into land from LA. Purchase • Most Indians go • “Five Civilized Tribes” refuse to move • Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminoles • Jackson sends troops to remove them with force • Proves the theory that Natives were not all united • Had distinct cultures which arose from local climate and terrain

  15. Cherokee resistance • Cherokee situation different than most • Almost fully assimilated into White culture • Cherokees bring their case to US Supreme Court through a missionary • Supreme Court agrees that Cherokees can stay. • Jackson defies Court, sends troops to remove them anyway • 15,000 Cherokees march for 116 days to Oklahoma • 1 out of every 4 died • Troops ordered not to let Indians rest. • Became known as “Trail of Tears”

  16. Trail of Tears

  17. Jackson’s administration remembered for 3 things • The Spoils system- Jackson giving his friends/supports governmental jobs • The Banking War- Jackson believed Bank only helped rich/well born. Tried to block it’s re-charter • Indian Removal

  18. Jackson’s legacy • Accomplishes more (for better or worse) than any President until Lincoln • Position of President is powerful • Dedicated his time in office to helping “common man” • Makes sure they can vote (power) • 27% vote in 1820. 80% vote in 1840 • Gives them jobs • Leaves women, slaves, and Indians behind

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