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Science Starter #8 – 4/11/17

Science Starter #8 – 4/11/17. Identify one similarity and one difference between primary and secondary succession TAKE OUT SUCCESSION COMIC  STAMPED. Notes 11.6 – The Bad: Human Issues and Impacts. Issue: Invasive Species. CAUSE: Non native species is introduced into an ecosystem.

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Science Starter #8 – 4/11/17

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  1. Science Starter #8 – 4/11/17 Identify one similarity and one difference between primary and secondary succession TAKE OUT SUCCESSION COMIC  STAMPED

  2. Notes 11.6 –The Bad:Human Issues and Impacts

  3. Issue: Invasive Species • CAUSE: • Non native species is introduced into an ecosystem

  4. Issue: Invasive Species • IMPACT: • Affect biodiversity of native species • Have no natural predators • Causes food web to go out of balance

  5. Issue: Invasive Species • POSSILE SOLUTIONS: • Clean boats when moving to new location • Clean all camping gear • Do not bring in food from other countries • Limit use of non-native species

  6. ISSUE: Biomagnification • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5P-UoKLxlA

  7. ISSUE: Biomagnification • CAUSE: • Bioaccumulation: pollutant enters the organism and builds up within the individual over time • Biomagnification: concentration of pollutant increases as you move up the food chain

  8. ISSUE: Biomagnification • IMPACT: • Species can eventually go extinct • Infants/unborn babies: affects developing nervous system • Children/adults: affects brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, & immune system

  9. ISSUE: Biomagnification • POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: • Banning of toxic pollutants (worst ones have already been banned, like DDT) • Regulate or even eliminate processes that create toxins (ex. Burning Coal)

  10. ISSUE: Climate Change

  11. ISSUE: Climate Change • CAUSE: • Greenhouse Effect: the ability to trap heat • keeps our planet warm and habitable • Combustion of fossil fuels releases excess carbon • CO2 and other greenhouse gases trap heat

  12. ISSUE: Climate Change • IMPACT: • Global temperature to rise about 4o C by 2100 • Rise in sea levels • Changes in weather and climate patterns affecting agriculture • Affects amphibian/reptile development

  13. ISSUE: Climate Change • POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: • Eliminate the burning of fossil fuels • Carpool or use public transportation • Wind Power, Solar Power, Hydropower, other alternative energy sources

  14. ISSUE: Ozone Thinning

  15. ISSUE: Ozone Thinning • CAUSE: • CFC’s from refrigerators, plastic manufacturing break down the ozone • Ozone Hole started in the Southern Hemisphere but increases in size over time

  16. ISSUE: Ozone Thinning • IMPACT: • Increased UV radiation leads to skin cancer because atmosphere blocks UV radiation

  17. ISSUE: Ozone Thinning • POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: • Ban CFCs and other pollutants

  18. ISSUE: Acid Rain

  19. ISSUE: Acid Rain • CAUSE: • Burning of coal and fossil fuels releases pollutants into the atmosphere • Water vapor condenses around the pollutant particles to form acidic water (acid rain) • Some bodies of water can buffer/resist the effects of acid rain

  20. ISSUE: Acid Rain • IMPACT: • Disease and death of trees, fish, and other organisms • Degradation of stone

  21. ISSUE: Acid Rain • POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS: • Reduce/eliminate use of fossil fuels! • Be sustainable! • Sustainable: able to maintain needs at a reasonable rate • Watch your ecological (carbon) footprint • How much do your actions affect the environment?

  22. ISSUE: Ocean Pollution

  23. ISSUE: Ocean Pollution • CAUSE: • Plastic pollution on land is carried out to sea by wind and rain We're surrounded by plastic. Think about every piece you touch in a single day: grocery bags, food containers, coffee cup lids, drink bottles, straws for juice boxes — the list goes on and on. Plastic may be convenient, but its success carries a steep price. Every single piece of plastic every made still exists today!

  24. ISSUE: Ocean Pollution • IMPACT: • Entanglement: organisms become twisted in or caught in plastics • Ingestion: organisms eat plastics • Rafting Organisms: barnacles, sea anemones, and other “rafters” make their home on plastics.

  25. ISSUE: Ocean Pollution • Possible Solutions • USE LESS PLASTIC!!! • Use biodegradable products • Watch where you throw away/recycle your plastics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=02WjKxk1veQ

  26. Ecosystem Destruction • Extinction: the death of every member of a species • Habitat destruction: river damming, logging, invasive species • Hunting/harvesting: overfishing, poaching

  27. The Good:ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS Ch. 22-3 pp 444 - 452

  28. HUMAN RESOURCE USE • Ecological (carbon) footprint: amount of land and sea required to supply the resources to fit your lifestyle needs • Calculate your own: www.carbonfootprint.com • Sustainability: the ability to meet human needs In 2007 humanity’s total ecological footprint was ~1.5 earth’s

  29. Pollution • Release of environmental contaminants • Types: Land, water, air, noise, light

  30. FIELDS OF STUDY • Conservation biology: identify, protect, and maintain natural areas at risk • Restoration biology: rebuild the damaged ecosystems • Use bioindicators (indicator species): species especially sensitive to environmental changes; used as early warning signals of environmental problems

  31. PROTECTING ECOSYSTEMS • Biodiversity Hotspots: regions with the highest diversity that are most in danger

  32. GOVERNMENT LAWS • Debt-for-Nature Swap: richer countries or private companies pay smaller/poorer countries for conservation of undeveloped land or education programs U.S. signs debt-for-nature swap with Indonesia

  33. PRIVATE EFFORTS • Ecotourism: People pay for nature guides, food, and lodging in exchange for opportunity to experience the ecosystem

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