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Malignant lesions of the CERVIX

Malignant lesions of the CERVIX. Dr . Saadeh Jaber OBGYN consultant 2010. Epidemiology. Cervical cancer is the 2 nd most common cancer in the women worldwide Rare before 20yrs ,,, mean age is 47yrs. Factors associated with high risk. Multiple sexual partners. Human papillomavirus(HPV).

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Malignant lesions of the CERVIX

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  1. Malignant lesions of the CERVIX Dr . SaadehJaberOBGYN consultant 2010

  2. Epidemiology • Cervical cancer is the 2nd most common cancer in the women worldwide • Rare before 20yrs ,,, mean age is 47yrs

  3. Factors associated with high risk Multiple sexual partners

  4. Human papillomavirus(HPV) • Infection with HPV is one of the major factors leading to CC Type16 and18 Type6 and 11

  5. Pathophysiology

  6. Pathophysiology The area between the original SCJ and the new SCJ Is called the transformation zone (ectropion)

  7. Cervical Intraepithelial Metaplasia • 3 grades --> depending on • the degree of cytological atypia • thickness of the epi involved

  8. Cervical Intraepithelial Metaplasia (CIN)

  9. Screening and Cytology The Papanicolaou test ((Pap smear)) • The test was named after the Greek doctor GeorgiosPapanikolaou • A SCREENING TEST used to detect premalignant and malignant processes in the cervix. • A tool is used to gather cells from the ectocervix, and the endocervix • The cells are examined under a microscope

  10. Pap smear Conventional smear Liquid Based smear

  11. Colposcopy

  12. Treatment of CIN • Observation mild dysplasia (CIN I) may regress spontaneously • Active treatment  higher grades CIN II / CIN III

  13. Invasive Cancer • Pathological features • 2 main types Squamous cell carcinoma --> most cases Adenocarcinoma --> 15 – 20% • Most occur at the SCJ • Melanoma and sarcoma occur rarely

  14. Invasive Cancer • Patterns of spread

  15. Invasive Cancer • Staging Cervical cancer is the only gynecological malignancy that is not surgically staged

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