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Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying 大地测量和平面测量

Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying 大地测量和平面测量. plane n. 平面 ; adj. 平坦的 n.1. 平面图 2. 可以不计地球曲面投影变形影响的 , 描述小范围面积的地图。通常地图比例尺不应小于 1:5000 。. feature n.1. 特征 2. 可以作为标志的显著特点 eg. design with topographical feature 根据地形特征进行设计 natural features 自然特征点 artificial features 人工特征点.

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Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying 大地测量和平面测量

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  1. Unit 2 Geodetic Surveying and Plane Surveying大地测量和平面测量

  2. plane n.平面; adj.平坦的 n.1.平面图 2.可以不计地球曲面投影变形影响的,描述小范围面积的地图。通常地图比例尺不应小于1:5000。

  3. feature n.1.特征 2.可以作为标志的显著特点 eg. design with topographical feature 根据地形特征进行设计 natural features 自然特征点 artificial features 人工特征点

  4. contour n.1.轮廓;轮廓线 2.外形;结构 n.1.等高线 2.地图上地面高程相等的各相邻点所连成的曲线。 eg. contoured / contour map 等高线图 contoured bathymetric map 水深线图，等深线图

  5. Plan n.1.计划，打算，方案 2.平面图，示意图 The plans of the new development are on show at the town hall. 镇公所大厅展示了新开发的平面图。 vt.&vi. 1.计划，打算，设计 I have planned the whole thing to the smallest detail. 我已经把整个事情连最小的细节都计划好了。

  6. chart n.1,图标 2，航海图 The course of a ship is marked on a chart. 轮船的航线已经在航海图上标出。 vt.1,绘制地图，在图上标出 The navigator charted the course of the ship. 领航员在航海图上标出船的航线。 2，记录，记述，跟踪（进展或发展） 3，计划行动 ；制定计划

  7. figure n.1.数字 The above figure did not include workers. 上面的数字没有包括工人。 2.图解,图表;装饰性的图案 The figure on page 22 shows a political map of Africa. 第22页的插图是非洲的政区图。

  8. 王之卓： The development of “Surveying and Mapping” in the information era is “Geomatics”.

  9. Types of Surveys 测量类型 • (1) land surveys • (2) topographic surveys • (3) route surveys • (4) city surveys • (5) construction surveys • (6) hydrographic surveys • (7) marine surveys • (8) forestry and geological surveys • (9) photogrammetric surveys

  10. Hydrographic adj.与水道测量有关 of or relating to hydrographics Eg. hydrographic survey hydrographic surveyor hydrographic map Hydro- or dydr- 表示“水，液，流体”，“氢的，含氢的”之义 Combining form 结合的形式 Indicating or denoting water, liquid, or fluid表明或表示水、液体或者流体

  11. Two general classifications of surveys are geodetic and plane. • 目前测量的主要方法分为大地测量和平面测量。 • In geodetic surveying, the curved surface of the earth is considered by performing the computations on a spheroid. • 在大地测量中，地球曲面被近似认为是一椭球来计算。 • In plane surveying, except for leveling, the reference base for field work and computations is assumed to be a flat horizontal surface. • 在平面测量中，除了水准测量，内外业的参考基准面被认为是平坦的水平表面。

  12. curve n.1.曲线，弧线，曲面，弯曲 The population curve has slowed down. 2.曲线状物，弯曲物 The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road. vt.&vi.1,(使)完成弧形 2，（使）沿曲线运动；呈曲线形

  13. Curved adj.1，弧形的；曲线的；呈弯曲状的 A large bull with curved horns Curvature n.1.弯曲 curvature of the spine 脊椎弯曲 2.弯曲部分 3.曲率，曲度

  14. tri- “三” trigomometry 三角法 trigonometric function 三角函数 trigonometric identity 三角恒等式 tri-colour Pottery of the Tang Dynasty

  15. freshmen • sophomore • junior • senior

  16. estate n.1.住宅区，工业区，工厂区 2,（通常指农村的）大片私有土地，庄园 This is a tea estate. 3,个人财产；（尤指）遗产 He owns a large estate in Scotland. 4,不动产权，地产权，财产权 5,（人生的）阶段，状况，状态，情况

  17. cadastre n.1,地籍 2，土地的位置、面积、质量、权属、利用现状等诸要素关系的总称 elevation n.1.提升，提高，晋级 2，海拔 The house is at an elevation of 2000 metres. 那栋房子位于海拔两千米的高处。 3,(建筑物的)正视图;立体图 4,高地;高处 5,(水平或数量)提高,升高,增加

  18. plumb n.铅锤，测锤 adj.垂直的 vt.1，用铅垂线校正 2，（为建筑物等）铺设管道 3，当管工 4，用铅锤测量 plumb bob plumb line off [out of] plum 铅锤 铅垂线 不垂直，倾斜；不准确

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