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Planning A Hunting Trip

Planning A Hunting Trip. Why is it important to plan ahead for a hunting trip? . Increase chance of finding and taking game Extends time of the total experience Avoids frustrations Not having proper equipment Wasted time from getting lost Possible injury.

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Planning A Hunting Trip

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  1. Planning A Hunting Trip

  2. Why is it important to plan ahead for a hunting trip? • Increase chance of finding and taking game • Extends time of the total experience • Avoids frustrations • Not having proper equipment • Wasted time from getting lost • Possible injury

  3. What factors should you consider when planning a hunting trip? • Size of hunting party – plan according to number of people. • Physical condition • Endurance and strength will be needed • Know you imitations and condition in advance • Emergencies – be prepared with firt aid kit and CPR training • Schedule & Routes • Always leave someone with your location & return time • Plan destination & route in advance

  4. Equipment • Use firearms and archery equipment in advance. It will help you discover potential problems and practice marksmanship skills. • Pack lightly – “If you know you will need it take it but if you think you will need it leave it at home” • Learn to use a compass or GPS and to interpret maps • Seek information about the species you are hunting

  5. When is it appropriate to begin planning a hunt? • Begin during current season and continue year round. • Scouting - observe behavior, habits and feeding patterns. Become familiar with territory and terrain. Steps to scouting: • Obtain maps of the area. Use a compass. • Look for deer signs: bedding areas, droppings, trails, tracks, sheds, scrapes and rubs depending on time of year. • Record observations

  6. When to Scout • Winter scouting – easy to locate trails, tracks, droppings, bedding areas and possibly rubs and sheds. • Spring scouting – last fall’s rutting scrapes and rubs may still be found as well as trails, tracks and droppings. • Summer scouting – watch for feeding in open areas. • Strategy planning done in advance

  7. What items should be featured on a checklist for planning a large wildlife mammal hunt? • Select an area to hunt • Get permission well in advance • Use a map and GPS or compass. • Shelter or lodging • Hunting cabin repairs. • Local lodging reserve well in advance. • Food • Plan out the menu to avoid shortages. • 4,000-6,000 calories per day needed because of increased physical activity.

  8. Equipment List

  9. Firearm/archery equipment • Firearms Selection based on • Personal preference and shooting ability • Type of hunting, caliber and range needed • Cost of gun, ammunition, extra equipment • Challenge a particular gun offers • Preferred action

  10. Factors to consider when purchasing a firearm • Fit – important for accuracy • Scopes – a variety of sights available: open, peep, 4-plex, post, dot, crosshair • Weights – lighter guns are easier to carry but heavier guns kick less. • Actions – need for quick second shot and accuracy factor

  11. Four types of firearms used for hunting • Rifle • Shotgun • Muzzle loader • Handgun (rarely used)

  12. Rifles • Thicker , shorter barrel, rifling on inside of barrel, used for hunting large game animals. • 5 types of action: • Pump • Bolt • Single Shot • Lever • Semi-automatic

  13. Pump rifle • Fires rapidy • Heavier to carry • Most moving parts

  14. Bolt rifle • Most popular repeater • A variety of calibers, weights and barrel lengths

  15. Single shot rifle • Easiest to handle • Sturdy, reliable and accurate.

  16. Lever action rifle • Quick follow-up shots • Good for areas with heavy cover.

  17. Semi-automatic rifle • Fires rapidly • Recoil minimal • Fires every time trigger is pulled • Gas operated

  18. Shotgun • Longer barrel, typically used for upland game birds and waterfowl, shoots lead or steel pellets and slugs, typically a smooth barrel, suggest adding a rifled barrel to increase accuracy for hunting large game. • 6 Actions • Pump , single barrel repeater • Semi-automatic , single barrel repeater • Bolt – single barrel repeater • Break single barrel, single shot • Break, side by side, double barrel • Break, over and under, double barrel

  19. Types of actions

  20. Pump shotgun • Single barrel repeater • Must pump fore end to eject shells and fire again • Holds up to 5 shells

  21. Semi-Automatic shotgun • Holds up to 5 shells • Ejects shells automatically and is ready to fire again

  22. Bolt action shotgun • Ejects shell with bolt movement

  23. Single shot shotgun • Often used for young hunters as their first gun

  24. Double barrel shotgun Two barrels side by side

  25. Over and under shotgun • Two barrels with the barrels arranged vertically

  26. Video Shotgun types 101 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSUIFJzIX5s

  27. Muzzleloaders • Not as common • Use black power • Only one shot at a time • Reload is slow process • Used primarily for large game mammals

  28. Muzzleloaders are available in three common designs.  • Historic replicas • close or exact copies of antiques •  Most flintlock muzzleloaders and many Civil War vintage guns are in this category.  • Replica hunter • modern adjustable sights • can be easily mounted with scopes • usually possess internal improvements of trigger and lock design • are often fitted with synthetic stocks • have rifling designs better suited to modern projectiles.

  29. Muzzleloader types • In-Line • places modern rifle configurations into a muzzle loading package. •  an in-line can look just like any modern rifle.  • Most popular for hunting

  30. Ammunition works in the following ways: • The trigger releases the hammer. • The hammer drives a firing pin into the primer area. • The primer explodes which sets fire to the powder. • The fire causes very high pressure. • The gas pressure pushes the bullet or shot out of the firearm barrel.

  31. Ammunition • Accuracy, energy and trajectory that a bullet delivers inside the animal is critical • Accuracy – important for bullet placement. • Energy – function of a bullet’s velocity, weight, construction, and amount of penetration in animal. • Trajectory – affects accuracy starting at 100 yards.

  32. Rifle ammunition has 4 parts • Case • Primer • Powder • Bullet Rifle Shell

  33. TYPES OF CARTRIDGES • Federal has two types of rifle ammunition: • • Centerfire: Has a separately made primer placed in the center of the head of the case. Centerfire cartridges are available in numerous calibers with different bullet weights, designs and velocities. • • Rimfire: Has a priming mixture placed around the inside of the case rim where the firing pin strikes. Rimfire calibers include the .22 LR, .17 HMR and the .22 WMR, and are used for target shooting and small game hunting. The primary difference between these two is the location of the priming mixture which ignites the powder-and how much powder propels the bullet.

  34. Shotgun ammunition has 4 parts • Case • Primer • Powder • Bullet Shotgun shell

  35. Types of Shotgun Ammunition • Federal loads six different gauges of shotshells: 10, 12, 16, 20, 28 and 410. Their lengths and shot charges vary from the 21⁄2 inch–1⁄2 oz. 410 to the 31⁄2 inch–21⁄4 oz. 10 gauge. They are loaded with lead, steel and HEAVYWEIGHT® shot, as well as slugs and buckshot. • Lead Shot: Pellets and buckshot are formed by pouring melted lead through a sieve or swaged (formed in a die). Traditional wads forlead shot are molded from flexible, low-density polyethylene plastic and have a cushion section on the bottom. The cushion helps reduce the number of deformed pellets and recoil.

  36. Steel Shot: Made by cutting steel wire into short lengths which are formed and ground. Premium shot is coated with a rust inhibitor. Wads for steel shot are molded from high-density polyethylene. They have thick sidewalls to prevent the pellets from contacting the shotgun bore surface. Steel shot ammunition requires large charges of special slow-burning powders to give the large shot column a gentler start but a faster exit from the bore. • FLITESTOPPER® Shot: Available in all-steel pellets for waterfowl and upland birds, and nickel-plated lead pellets for upland birds. Features a ring to cut on impact and better edge to edge patterns. • HEAVYWEIGHT® Shot: Pellets are made of tungsten-alloy. The FLITECONTROL® wad protects the bore from hard pellets. Heavyweight shot is 35% denser than lead. This shot can be used in a steel safe barrel.

  37. Sabot style slugs: Feature a lead or copper bullet enclosed in a polyethylene sleeve that grips the rifling to provide spin and increased accuracy. For rifled barrels only. • Rifled or "Foster" slugs: Have helix ribbing to enhance stability through the bore. It has a hollow point that is designed for maximum expansion. The rifled slug is recommended for smooth bore shotgun barrels. • There are similarities and differences in the component parts and construction of a shotshell. The head and primer are similar in all shells. The tube and base wad are either paper or plastic. The shot wad design and powder vary with the type of shotshell. Some of these loads have a granulated plastic buffer which prevents pellet deformation and produces tight, uniform patterns.

  38. Shotgun Shells How It’s Made • Take a virtual tour of our plant to learn how Federal 12-gauge plastic Target shotshells are made!

  39. WELCOME TO THE FEDERAL PREMIUM® PLANT • Federal makes a variety of shotshells for every shotgunning pursuit. They all start as plastic pellets and our example here goes from pellet to pallet without being touched by a human hand.

  40. Did You Know Brown for 10-gauge Red (or black) for 12-gauge Purple for 16-gauge Yellow for 20-gauge Red for 28-gauge and .410 Federal was the first company to color-code our shotshells for safety and identification. We make the color variations by mixing colored pellets in with the white ones. 

  41. Step 1 • Plastic pellets are melted down into a plastic tube

  42. Step 2 • We heat, stretch and cool the tube until it forms the hull. The process is called “extruding”. The machine that does this is called the Riefenhauser—named after the German engineer who built the first model.

  43. Step 3 • Hulls are cut to length as it comes off the Riefenhauser. They then move along to the next stage in the process.

  44. Step 4 • The case head is stamped out of sheets of metal. Brass for our Premium® Gold Medal, and steel for our lower cost target loads. With a series of strikes of the stamp we have a fully-formed case head that has a flash-hole for the primer to spark in and even the markings on the rim

  45. Step 5- Gold Medal • Our Premium® Gold Medal® hulls are one piece—with an integral base.

  46. Step 5 – Top Gun • Our lower cost target loads use a paper base wad to seat the primer in. Here the wads are rolled and inserted in the hulls.

  47. Step 6 • The hulls move to the primer insert and heading machine where it gets its primer and a case head

  48. Step 7 • Still untouched by human hands, the shell moves on to the loader where it gets its powder charge, shot wad and pellets.

  49. Step 8 • It's then crimped, labeled and ready for the packing line.

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