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Go to english version. The properties of subtances. By : Vina. The properties of subtances. SUBJECT MATTER. VIDEO. QUESTION. C ONSEPT MAP. The properties of subtances. Physical properti. Chemical properti. Subtance’s form. Melting point / frozen point. Boiling point.
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Go to english version The properties of subtances By :Vina
The properties of subtances SUBJECT MATTER VIDEO QUESTION CONSEPT MAP
The properties of subtances Physical properti Chemicalproperti Subtance’s form Melting point / frozen point Boiling point Solubility Density Hardness Elasticity pH Reactivity Reaction with water Reaction with Oxygen Pressure Temperature solid Liquid gas Consept map
A. Physical properties Physical properties are the properties of a substance that can be observed,measured or tested by our sense. Such us • color • size • form • odor • taste • boiling point • melting point • solubility • pliancy • hardness • heat and electric conductivities
1.Subtance’s form 1 Solid Solid Substance Molecule characteristic - attractive force pulls herculean- its formation is neighboring each other - its position is neighboring - can't mobile be free example:table,stone,ices hunk 2 Liquid liquid subtance Molecule characteristic - attractive force pulls not just after strong - its formation is irregular - its position is gap slightly - move places ambulatory free example: water,oil
3. gases Substance Molecule characteristic Gases - attractive force pulls weeny- its formation so disordered - its position is each other is far from - move really free example: C0 2 ,0 2 , nitrogen
2. Melting point • Look at picture! • What happen to an ice if the temperature around it is raising? • The temperature whwn a subtance changes its form from solid to liquid is called “melting point” • Ice will melt in 00 C. • Add some other subtances like fruit juice, salt or sugar on water, it can reduce its melting point.
What makes a subtance melt?? • Solid subtance has a very strong interparticle bond. When the temperature of a solid subtance is raising. Its particles can move faster. Such condition makes the solid subtances changes into liquid (melt)
3. Boiling point What happen when water boilsk??
the particles of the water will vibrate faster so that it has enough energy to cut the interparticle bond. If the water has enough heat, then it will produce water bubbles and the form of the water will change into gas. The phenomenon whwn the liquid is changing into gas is boiling. The temperature when water is changing its form into gas is called boiling point. Liquid subtance can also change its form into gas on the temperature below its boiling point
4. Frozen point • The changing form of a subtance from liquid into solid is called”frozen” • The water will be frozen on 00C. • The temperature when a liquid subtance is starting to freeze is called “beku”
5.Soluting Soluting Have you ever made an iced tea? Iced tea is a solution. That solution is compose by solute and solvent. the appearance of sweet taste shows that the sugar has been dissolved on the water. In a sugar solution, the sugar is the solute and the water is the solvent
6. Solubility • If we put one spoonful of salt on water, then the salt will be dissolved on the water. • What is going to happen if we add salt over and over again on water? There will be time when the salt cannot be dissolved again. So we can say that the solution is saturated, • So solubilitydeclares the maximum amount of the solute tat can be dissolved on some solvents in certain temperature.
Factors which influence the solubility of the subtance • 1) Temperature • If the solubility of a solid subtance is increasing whwn the temperature is raised, then the solubility of a solution is lessen because of the raising of the temperature • Ex: changing temperature about solubility oxigen gas on water very feeling by fish. • 2) Pressure • Commonly the changing of the pressure doesn’t give any influence to the solubility of solid subtance or liquid subtance. • However, pressure has a big influence to the solubility of the gas subtance on liquid. If there is more pressure given top the gas the solubility of the gas on liquid solution.
example: • carbondioxside gas in carbonated drink. • Why carbonated out burbbles when we opened its can/bottle? • Those bunnle were come from the carbondioxside gas inside of the drink. The CO2 • Gas had been gived to the drink in such a high pressure. When we oppened the can or the bottle in a normal air pressure, then it will produce bubbles and hissing sound.
7. Density Density: mass (gram)pervolume (cm3 or mL) of a subtance. Formula With d= density (gr/ml) m=mass (gr) V =volume(mL) d=m/v
Density of some subtances With the density concept, we can estimate the kinds of subtances which are floating and drowning on water. Subtance with higher density level will be drown, whereas subtances with lower density level will be floated.
8. Hardness • Hardness is the ability of the subtance to resist the scratch made by other thing. The hardness is determined by the ability of the subtance to scratch other things. Harder subtances will scratch soltersubtances. ex:intanappealgold
9. Elasticity • Elasticity The elasticity of a substance is the ability of the subtance to go back to its original form/ size after being distantly spaced/pressed ex:rubber spring, sponge, etc
B. Chemical properties • Chemical propertiy of a subtanceis ralated to the reaction of the subtance to other subtance in producing a new subtance. • Example of chemical properties are: a. Acidity(pH) score pH < 7 acidity characteristic score pH= 7 neutral characteristic score pH > 7 bases characteristic
b.ReactivityReactivity is the tendency of a subtance to react chemically. A subtance is reactive if it : - reacts spontaneously with water -reacts spontaneously with oxygen on the air in a normal condition (250C, at atmosphere pressure)
