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Do Now

Do Now. AIM How did the United States mobilize for war?. The Military Experience Americans Join the Fight. U.S. Selective Service Act 1918 (DRAFT). Passed by Congress requiring all young men between 21-30 to register for military draft

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Do Now

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  1. Do Now

  2. AIM How did the United States mobilize for war?

  3. The Military ExperienceAmericans Join the Fight

  4. U.S. Selective Service Act 1918 (DRAFT) Passed by Congress requiring all young men between 21-30 to register for military draft Many enlisted (all ethnic groups) By 1918 3 million men had been drafted DOUGHBOYS

  5. Tensions and Protest African Americans moved north during the war to find jobs with higher pay (Great migration) Competition for jobs and housing led to race riots People said “Mr. President, Why not make AMERICA safe for democracy” 100,000 Mexican workers came to help on farms Discrimination against German Americans (schools stopped teaching German) Congress made it a crime to criticize the government of interfere with the war Espionage Act – Law that imposed harsh penalties for antiwar activities Sedition Act – An addition to the Espionage Act that outlawed more antiwar activities

  6. DOUGHBOYS nickname given to soldiers because of their brass uniform buttons that resembled boiled dough dumplings

  7. American Expeditionary Force (AEF) • (General Pershing) • -about 2 million American soldiers served in France

  8. Women in World War I 50,000 women served. Served in American Red Cross. 12,000 female Clerical Workers volunteered for the Navy. 305 Marinette's join the Marines. Nurses made up the majority. Interpreters, spies, operated switchboards, drove ambulances and entertained troops.

  9. US Industry Mobilized for War Wilson quickly prepared U.S. for war by: - factories produced war materials ( weapons, uniforms, etc.) Food Administration (Herbert Hoover): farmers grew more and families sacrificed to feed soldiers (war/victory gardens) - War Industries Board: told factories what to produce - War Labor Board: settled disputes between labor and management

  10. Women were forced to give up their jobs to returning Vets. This left some widowed families without an income. Women Work in Factories

  11. Camp Upton, Long Island Training Center

  12. How did the United States mobilize for war? Civilians on the Home-front -Created War/Victory gardens -Women worked in factories - Women joined the Red Cross, served as spies, worked switchboards, joined the Marines Government: -Congress imitated a draft (Selective Service Act) - Passed laws such as the Espionage Act and Sedition Act to outlawed antiwar activities - Food Administration created more food for farms - War industries board told factories what to produce Soldiers: - Men drafted went to training camps

  13. Do Now – Analyze using I.D.E.A 7

  14. Discuss with your partner new technologies that were introduced during world War I Planes Machine Guns Submarines Chemical Warfare Tanks

  15. AIM: Identify the objective of the propaganda poster and explain the tools used (keep in mind the point of view o the poster)

  16. Propaganda Propagandais created by the government to spread ideas that help a cause or hurt an opposing cause Each side pictures each other as savage beasts Anti-German propaganda often referred to Germans as Huns Propaganda comes in different forms such as a poster, a commercial, a cartoon, a song, or a speech

  17. Selling the War • Speeches: • “Four-Minute Men” were sent out to give speeches and raise public support for the war • Video/film: • Charlie Chaplin helped sell Liberty Bonds to lend the government money. • “Hang the Kaiser” movies • Songs: • “Over There” • Propaganda posters

  18. Propaganda Objective: Recruitment of soldiers Propaganda Tools: Patriotic Appeal - Uncle Sam and the use of American colors red/white/blue

  19. Propaganda Objective: Eliminate Dissent and Unify the Country Propoganda Tools: Demonization – Germany is made to be a monster Emotional Appeal – promotes fear Name calling – Hun Half truths or Lies – The Germans were not attacking us here is the US Evocative Visual Symbol – German Helmet

  20. Propaganda Objective: Recruitment of soldiers Propoganda Tools: Emotional Appeal – to play on the Irishman’s anger of German U-boats sinking Lusitania Patriotic Appeal – To serve your country to avenge the people who died on the Lusitania Evocative Visual Symbol – Sinking Ship What is the point of view of this poster?

  21. Emotional Appeal – family obligation Patriotic Appeals (soldier fighting for love of his country) Catchy Slogan Evocative Symbols (family helmet, soldier) Financing the war Demonization – German Huns Emotional Appeal (expression of soldiers face) Name Calling (Germans are Huns) Half Truth of Lies ( atrocities were not as serious as poster implies) Recruitment of soldiers Eliminating dissent and Unifying the country Financing the war Emotional Appeal (clenched fist) Half Truths of Lies ( Shows Germany on the defense when they launched the first attack) Evocative Symbol ( clenched fist) Emotional Appeal (gardeners and vegetables expression Catch Slogan Evocative Symbol (flag) Humor (fruits and Vegetables are soldiers) Conservation of resources

  22. Patriotic Appeal (French rooster Catchy Slogan Evocative Symbols (fighting French Rooster Financing the War Demonization (German Kaiser = devil) Half Truths or Lies (Many countries were responsible for destruction not just Germany Humor or Caricature (German Kaiser cartoonish) Eliminating dissent and Unifying the country Demonization (British portrayed as an octopus Half Truths or Lies (other nations were also imperialistic Name Calling - blodsucker Eliminating dissent and unifying the country Patriotic Appeals (patriotic appeal to joining the military) Evocative Symbols ( German helmet was a prize among the Allies, fern represents the death of a German soldier Recruitment of Soldiers Emotional Appeal (soldier makes student feel guilty Patriotic Appeals (students sense of obligation to join military Evocative Symbols (cap and gown, uniformed soldier Participation in the home front

  23. Do Now – Compare and contrast the two propaganda posters

  24. AIM Compare and contrast the songs: Johnny get your Gun and One by Metallica

  25. George M. Cohen- wrote song “Over There”

  26. Johnnie get your gun, get you gun, get your gun,Take it on the run, on the run, on the run,Hear them calling you and me;Every son of LibertyHurry right away, no delay, go today,Make your daddy glad to have had such a ladTell your sweetheart not to pine,To be proud her boy's in line.Chorus:Over There, Over ThereSend the word, send the word, Over ThereThat the Yanks are coming, The Yanks are coming,The drums rum tumming everywhereSo prepare, Say a PrayerSend the word,Send the word to bewareWe'll be over, we're coming over.And we won't be back till it's over over there!Johnnie get your gun, get you gun, get your gun,Johnnie show the Hun, you're a Son-of-a-Gun,Hoist the flag and let her flyLike true heros do or diePack your little kit, show your grit, do your bit,Soldiers to the ranks from the towns and the tanks,Make your Mother proud of you and to Liberty be true.

  27. One: By Metallica I can't remember anything can't tell if this is true or dream deep down inside I feel to scream this terrible silence stops me now that the war is through with me I'm waking up, I cannot see that there's not much left of me nothing is real but pain now hold my breath as I wish for death oh please God, wake me back in the womb it's much too real in pumps life that I must feel but can't look forward to reveal look to the time when I'll live fed through the tube that sticks in me just like a wartime novelty tied to machines that make me be cut this life off from me hold my breath as I wish for death oh please God, wake me now the world is gone I'm just one oh God, help me hold my breath as I wish for death darkness ………..imprisoning me all that I see absolute horror I cannot live I cannot die trapped in myself body my holding cell landmine ….has taken my sight taken my speech taken my hearing taken my arms taken my legs taken my soul left me with life in hell

  28. Compare and contrast the songs: Over There One

  29. DO NOW

  30. AIM: How did the U.S Help to Secure an Allied Victory in WWI?

  31. 1914 1st Battle at the Ypres 1915 2nd Battle at Ypres 1916 Battle at Verdune Allies stopped Germans. Battle at Somme 1917 3rd Battle at Ypres Germans stopped the Allies STALEMATE

  32. The War at a Stalemate Why was the war at a stalemate? Both sides were dug in while engaging in the horrors of trench warfare During the stalemate, the frontline moved only a few miles for months at a time Neither side was able to gain ground, thousands of troops were lost on both sides This continued for 3 years.

  33. No Mans Land

  34. Russia Withdraws for the War - 1917 Russia Revolution Czar Nicholas II was overthrown. Bolsheviks (communists) take power under V.I. Lenin Russia signs an armistice with Germany. Armistice – An end to fighting. This allowed Germans and the Central Powers to place all their troops of the Western Front.

  35. June 1917 -a small force of 14,000 Yanks arrive in France Germans try to launch an offensive before All American troops arrive. Germans smash through French lines and are 50 miles from Paris at the Marne River Within 2 months March 1918 FIGHT

  36. American Expeditionary Force (AEF) 1918 1 million fresh U.S. troops arrive in France. American troops had an independent role and also helped British and French troops • (General Pershing)

  37. America Turns the Tide of the WarMay 28th 1918 - American soldiers attack the town of Cantigny blasting enemies our of trenches and dragging them from cellars. This allied victory boosted Allied morale Strength & Energy of fresh U.S. troops broke the stalemate and turned the tide of the war toward the allies.

  38. BATTLES -Battle at Belleau Wood -Americans retake the forest from the Germans. 380 out of 400 soldiers were killed but Americans proved themselves in combat the German advance Battle of Chateau – Thierry - Americans hold their ground against the Germans. Americans assist the French and stop .

  39. Americans Turn the Tides FIGHT Americans stop German’s second attack at the Marne River and begin to push back the Germans. The Second Battle of the Marne River was the turning point of the war.

  40. Final Battle – Meuse ArgonneSeptember 26th, 1918 1.2 million U.S. soldiers took part in a massive drive to push back he German line between the Argonne Forest and the Meuse River 26,000 Americans died in this battle By November the Germans were retreating FIGHT

  41. The War Ends Germany realized that since the US entry into the war, it could not win The German Kaiser abdicated his throne Armisticeis reached (Agreement to stop fighting) The shooting stopped at 11am on November 11th 1918. (11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month)

  42. Which country has the fewest causalities? Why?

  43. Meuse – Argonne Hero Alvin York Tennessee-born American soldier attacked and killed 25 German machine gunners in the Argonne Forest and captured 132 German soldiers. Awarded the Medal of Honor

  44. Northern France was in ruins

  45. Northern France was in ruins

  46. African Americans in WWI 400,000 African American served in WWI. They served in segregated combat divisions. They faced discrimination when they returned. 369th, 371st, and 372nd units fought under French commanders were awarded France’s highest honor: Croix de Guerre

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