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Congrès international de médecine pluridisciplinaire sous l’égide de l’ IFDA

Congrès international de médecine pluridisciplinaire sous l’égide de l’ IFDA. GAMMARTH, TN - 27 et 28 mars 2010. Anti-coagulants : Quoi de neuf en 2010 ? Pr Soraya BENYOUSSEF / Pr Ag Lilia ZAKHAMA Service de Cardiologie Hôpital des FSI . La Marsa. Jusque là ……. A V K. Jusque là …….

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Congrès international de médecine pluridisciplinaire sous l’égide de l’ IFDA

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  1. Congrès international de médecine pluridisciplinairesous l’égide de l’IFDA GAMMARTH, TN - 27 et 28 mars 2010

  2. Anti-coagulants : Quoi de neuf en 2010 ? Pr Soraya BENYOUSSEF / Pr Ag Lilia ZAKHAMA Service de Cardiologie Hôpital des FSI . La Marsa

  3. Jusque là …….. A V K

  4. Jusque là …….. • iatrogénicité induite par AVK bien connue responsables de >17 000 hospi/an et 4 000 DC/an. • Heparines ont fait preuve d’efficacité en préventif / curatif • injectables • effets secondaires : thrombopénie+++ héparine (1 pt/1000 (1 pt/100 HNF)

  5. L’anticoagulant Idéal Oral Doses fixes Pas de dosage d’efficacité nécessaire mais possible Sécuritaire Fenêtre thérapeutique large Activité d’action rapide et courte Peu d’interactions médicamenteuses et alimentaires Réversible

  6. Indications d’anticoagulation Prévention ETE Veineux Post opératoire (chirurgie orthopédique = risque très élevé) Pt hospitalisé ETE Artériel FA IM Valve cardiaque Traitement et prévention secondaire des ETE veineux et artériels

  7. IXa VIIIa Ca2+ PL Xa Va Ca2+ PL Factor Xa :A Key Step in Coagulation Pathway Extrinsic pathway Intrinsic pathway 1 X Xa II IIa Fibrin Fibrinogen Clot Rosenberg & Aird. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1555–64 Wessler & Yin. Thromb Diath Haemorrh 1974;32:71–8

  8. Choisissons notre cible …..

  9. Nouveaux Anticoagulants

  10. indirect

  11. OASIS 5: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Non inferiority, Double-Dummy Trial 20,078 Patients with NSTE ACS, Chest discomfort < 24 hours 2 of 3: Age>60, ST Segment Δ,  cardiac markers Exclude Age < 21 Any contra-ind to Enox Hem stroke< 12 mo. Creat> 3 mg/dL/265 umol/L Aspirin, Clopidogrel, GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor, planned Cath/PCI as per local practice Randomization Enoxaparin 1 mg/kg subcut bid for 2-8 days 1 mg/kg subcut daily if CrCl<30mL/min Fondaparinux 2.5 mg subcut once daily up to 8 days or hospital discharge Mean treatment : 5.5 days Mean time to PCI: 2.4 days Mean treatment : 5.2 days Mean time to PCI: 2.6 days Michelangelo OASIS 5 Steering Committee. Am Heart J 2005;150:1107.e1-.e10 OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med2006;354: 1464-76

  12. Fondaparinux Non-Inferior to Enoxaparin at Day 9 (Primary Efficacy) Death/MI/RI 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 Cumulative Hazard Enoxaparin 0.02 HR: 1.01 95% CI: 0.90-1.13 P non-inferiority: 0.007 Fondaparinux 0.01 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76

  13. Fondaparinux Significantly Reduced Mortality vs. Enoxaparin at Day 30 0.04 3.5 % 17 % RRR Enoxaparin 2.9 % 0.03 Fondaparinux 0.02 Cumulative Hazard HR: 0.83 95% CI: 0.71-0.97 p=0.02 0.01 0.0 Fondaparinux: 295 deaths Enoxaparin: 352 deaths 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76 Bassand JP Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2007;5:1013-26

  14. The Reduction in Mortality with Fondaparinux was Maintained at 6 Months 0.08 6.5 % Enoxaparin 0.06 5.8 % Fondaparinux Cumulative Hazard 0.04 HR: 0.89 95% CI: 0.80-1.00 p=0.05 0.02 0.0 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Fondaparinux: 574 deaths Enoxaparin: 638 deaths Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76

  15. Significant Early Major Bleeding reduction with Fondaparinux 48% relative risk reduction 4.1 % Enoxaparin 0.04 HR: 0.52 95% CI: 0.44-0.61 p<0.0001 0.03 * 2.2 % Cumulative Hazard 0.02 Fondaparinux 0.01 0.0 *At day 5, the reduction was already significant, p 0.048 7 8 9 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76 *Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2008; 8 (1):in press Days

  16. Major Bleeding Was significantly Reduced at Day 30 Enoxaparin 5.0% 0.05 38% relative risk reduction 0.04 3.1% 0.03 Cumulative Hazard Fondaparinux HR: 0.62 95% CI: 0.54-0.72 p<0.001 0.02 0.01 0.0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76

  17. Significant Reduction in Major Bleeding Maintained at 6 Months Enoxaparin 5.8% 0.06 4.1% 2.2% 0.05 4.3% 0.04 Fondaparinux 0.03 Cumulative Hazard At 6 months HR: 0.72 95% CI: 0.64-0.82 p<0.001 0.02 0.01 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76

  18. Major Bleeding at Day 9 Lower with Fondaparinux Irrespective of Renal Function* * Fondaparinux is contra-indicated in patients with creatinin clearance<20mL/min 0.10 Enoxaparin (dose adjusted for renal function) 0.08 Fondaparinux 0.06 Major Bleed 0.04 0.02 40 60 80 100 120 140 GFR mL/min/1.73 m2 Fox KAA. Ann Int Med 2007;147:304-310

  19. Significant Net Clinical Benefit at Day 9 with Fondaparinux Death/MI/RI/Major Bleeding at Day 9 0.10 9.0 % Enoxaparin 0.08 7.3% 0.06 Fondaparinux Cumulative Hazard 0.04 HR: 0.81 95% CI: 0.73-0.89 p<0.001 0.02 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Days OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76

  20. Significant Net Clinical Benefit with Fondaparinux maintained at 6 Months Death/MI/RI/Major Bleeding at 6 months 0.20 17.1% Enoxaparin 15.0% 0.15 Fondaparinux Cumulative Hazard 0.10 HR: 0.86 95% CI: 0.81-0.93 p<0.001 0.05 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 OASIS 5 Investigators. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1464-76 Days

  21. Anti Xa directs oraux • Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®)

  22. Antithrombine (anti-IIa) oraux Dabigatran (Pradaxa®)

  23. RE-LY: >18000 FA, randomisés Dabigatran/Enoxa

  24. RE - LY

  25. EN RESUME…..

  26. CONCLUSION • Les Anti Xa et IIa oraux vont-ils remplacer les HBPM dans le traitement préventif de la MTVE ? • Les Anti Xa et IIa oraux vont-ils remplacer les AVK dans le traitement curatif de la MTVE ? • Les Anti Xa et IIa oraux vont-ils remplacer les AVK dans la prise en charge de la FA ?

  27. Congrès international de médecine pluridisciplinairesous l’égide de l’IFDA GAMMARTH, TN - 27 et 28 mars 2010

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