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Origins of the United States of America

Origins of the United States of America. Colonists to Americans. Seven Years War. AKA- French and Indian War Ended 1763 Up until then the colonists had been completely independent, with only protection coming from Great Britain

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Origins of the United States of America

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  1. Origins of the United States of America Colonists to Americans

  2. Seven Years War AKA- French and Indian War Ended 1763 Up until then the colonists had been completely independent, with only protection coming from Great Britain Taxes began to increase, to pay war debts, King George III began to force his rule on the colonists

  3. Colonial Resistance They had ruled themselves for almost 150 years They did not want “taxation without representation” Colonists began resisting, eventually leading to the Declaration of Independence

  4. Declaration of IndependenceThomas Jefferson Natural rights Human Equality Government By the Consent “A Long Train of Abuses” Right of Revolution

  5. Articles of Confederation First official government of the new colonies Written before the end of the Revolution AofC were weak on purpose: people feared a strong central government The colonists craved equality and independence What problems could be caused by the weakness?

  6. Weaknesses Each state retained individual sovereignty. How can a central government rule, if each state has total control of everything it does? It could not levy taxes- How can it raise money? It allowed the Confederation make deals with foreign entities, but with state sovereignty, how could they force the states to comply? No laws could be made to regulate trade between states, or make laws for the citizens.

  7. Shays’ Rebellion Many people were put in debtor’s prison because they could not pay their debts after the Revolutionary War. Daniel Shays was a war veteran, and he felt it was unfair for these people to be in prison for debt, when they had not even been paid for their services in the war. They called militia to keep the rebellion down, but it made people realize that they needed a stronger government.

  8. Philadelphia Convention “Let’s talk about our government!” “How should we be represented?”- big question, seeing as how the smaller states felt that the states with larger populations might be more powerful than them.

  9. New Jersey Plan Unicameral Congress Allowed taxation Regulation of interstate trade Made the Confederation the Supreme Law of the Land Established a Supreme Court Established an Executive Branch (of several people) DID NOT PASS

  10. Great Compromise Bi-cameral Congress One house by population (number of reps by pop.) One house by state (2 reps per state)

  11. Three-Fifths Compromise Who counts as “population?” Slavery, especially in the south counted for much of the population, but slaves could not vote. 3/5ths compromise allowed slave holders to have 3 more votes for every 5 slaves they owned. Is this really “fair?”

  12. Three Branches of Government Separated Powers- allowed for checks and balances Delegated or Enumerated Powers- clearly defined what the federal government could do Reserved Powers- preserved all powers and rights not specifically listed to the states and people.

  13. Legislative Branch

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