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Preview Main Idea

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    1. Preview Main Idea / Reading Focus Early American Involvement Map: World War II in Europe and North Africa War in North Africa and Italy Faces of History: Dwight D. Eisenhower

    2. Preview, continued A Turning Point in the Soviet Union A Turning Point in the Pacific Map: War in the Pacific

    6. With U.S. officially at war, German U-boats in American waters Tried to destroy American merchant ships Hundreds of ships lost to German subs After 1943, Allies able to fight back more effectively Allied factories at full production Large numbers of ships and planes More firepower helped locate and destroy U-boats Key German code system broken Losses dropped sharply Vital supply line to Great Britain and Soviet Union kept open Atlantic belonged to Allies

    13. Next Allied goal: Italy itself July 1943, Allied soldiers landed on the island of Sicily Weak Italian resistance Benito Mussolini forced from power Allies capture Sicily Made plans to invade the Italian mainland Hitler tried to protect against the Allied march through Italy September 1943 Allies move into southern Italy Strong German resistance as troops moved north Bloody fighting continued for months

    19. The attack on Pearl Harbor was an enormous success for Japan. The damage took time to overcome; U.S. ability to strike back was limited. Three Pacific Fleet aircraft carriers undamaged Air power provided support for Allied ground and naval forces Japanese navy still ruled the seas Allies focused on Europe Vital territory fell to Japanese Singapore, Hong Kong, Burma, and strategic islands Target —U.S.-held Philippines U.S. general Douglas MacArthur led doomed defense Americans surrendered in April 1942 Bataan Death March Forced march of 70,000 American and Filipino prisoners Brutal violence, tropical heat, and lack of food or water Many survivors perished in inhumane prison camps

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