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Guidelines for the elaboration of EXternal emergency plans

This project is funded by the European Union Projekat finansira Evropska Unija. Guidelines for the elaboration of EXternal emergency plans. Ike van der Putte. Project implemented by Human Dynamics Consortium Projekat realizuje Human Dynamics Konzorcijum. Overview.

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Guidelines for the elaboration of EXternal emergency plans

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  1. This project is funded by the European Union Projekat finansira Evropska Unija Guidelines for the elaboration of EXternal emergency plans Ike van der Putte Project implemented by Human Dynamics Consortium Projekatrealizuje Human Dynamics Konzorcijum

  2. Overview • Requirements EEP according to SEVESO II/III • Responsibilities/ Specifics • Concept and Structure of Emergency Planning • Contents of an EEP • Information/communication

  3. REQUIREMENTS EEP (1) • Seveso II/III : • The emergency plans must be established with the objectives of: • — containing and controlling incidents so as to minimize the effects, • and to limit damage to man, the environment and property, • — implementing the measures necessary to protect man and the environment • from the effects of major accidents, • — communicating the necessary information to the public and to the • services or authorities concerned in the area, • — providing for the restoration and clean-up of the environment • following a major accident. • Emergency plans shall contain the information set out in Annex IV/IV

  4. REQUIREMENTS EEP (2) • Seveso II/III : • Member States shall ensure that the public concerned is given early opportunity to give its opinion on external emergency plans when they are being established or substantially modified. • Member States shall ensure that internal and external emergency plans are reviewed, tested, and where necessary updated by the operators and designated authorities respectively at suitable intervals of no longer than three years. The review shall take into account changes occurring in the establishments concerned or within the emergency services concerned, new technical knowledge, and knowledge concerning the response to major accidents. • With regard to external emergency plans, Member States shall take into account the need to facilitate enhanced cooperation in civil protection assistance in major emergencies.

  5. Minimum contents EEP according to ANNEX IV - SEVESO Names or positions of persons authorised to set emergency procedures in motion and of persons authorised to take charge of and coordinate off-site action; (b) Arrangements for receiving early warning of incidents, and alert and call-out procedures; (c) Arrangements for coordinating resources necessary to implement the external emergency plan; (d) Arrangements for providing assistance with on-site mitigatory action; (e) Arrangements for off-site mitigatory action, including responses to major-accident scenarios as set out in the safety report and considering possible domino effects, including those having an impact on the environment; (f) Arrangements for providing the public and any neighbouring establishments or sites that fall outside the scope of this Directive in accordance with Article 9 with specific information relating to the accident and the behaviour which should be adopted; (g) Arrangements for the provision of information to the emergency services of other Member States in the event of a major accident with possible transboundary consequences.

  6. Responsibilities/Specifics • The development of a an external emergency • plan will involve three main organisations: • The Competent Authority • The Local Authority • The Facility Operator Risk Assessment and Emergency Planning

  7. Competent Authority • The Competent Authority will inform the Local Authority of the duty to produce an emergency plan • The Competent Authority can take such measures that are necessary to have the Facility Operator provide information for the emergency plan, if the Local Authority is having difficulty getting the required information Risk Assessment and Emergency Planning

  8. Local Authority • The Local Authority is responsible for developing the external emergency plan for any Seveso II facilities in its area • The plan is to be developed in liaison with the Facility Operator, the Competent Authority, the Emergency Services, the Health Authority and appropriate members of the public Risk Assessment and Emergency Planning

  9. Facility Operator • Facility Operators are required to produce their own internal emergency plans • The Facility Operator is required to provide the Local Authority with necessary information about the facility, including the hazard identification and risk assessment, so that an emergency plan can be developed

  10. Authorised Persons • A list of names and positions of persons authorised to set the plan in motion and of persons authorised to take charge of the emergency should be developed • The responding organisations should strive to work together as a team to maximise the effectiveness of the response

  11. Communication • Arrangements should be in place for receiving early warning of incidents, and alert and call-out procedures • The plan should include details of how a warning will be received by the external emergency services and how the warning will be cascaded as necessary to the other external agencies involved in the response

  12. Coordinating Resources • Information should include: • Which organisations have a role and their responsibilities • How each organisation will be alerted and how they will respond • How the facility emergency response personnel and the external emergency services will recognise each other at the scene

  13. Coordinating Resources (Continued) • How the responding organisations and facility personnel will communicate and obtain/transmit information • Where the emergency services, the facility operator and other relevant agencies will meet off-site if necessary • How the emergency services will gain access to the facility or to any special equipment or resources that may be required in the response

  14. On-Site Mitigatory Action • Arrangements must be in place for providing assistance with on-site mitigatory action • On arrival on site, the external emergency services take over full responsibility for dealing with the response to the emergency • Details such as briefing of personnel, availability of special equipment and resources should be included

  15. External Mitigatory Action • Arrangements for dealing with accidents, which have consequences outside the boundary of the facility should be in place, for example: • Mitigating the external effects of the accident • Sheltering or evacuating the public • Controlling traffic and maintaining essential service routes • Preventing people entering the affected area

  16. Information to the Public • The plan should include information on: • How the public in the vicinity of the establishment will be alerted in the event of an emergency (e.g. siren, telephone, radio) • How they will be told what to do • How they will be told that the danger has passed and they may return to their normal activities • Plan for media response

  17. Information to Bordering States • Arrangements should be in place for the provision of information to the emergency services of bordering states in the event of a major accident with possible transboundary consequences • This should only be required where the hazard identification and risk assessment shows a reasonable likelihood that there could be harmful consequences across borders of other states

  18. Review of Emergency Plan • Emergency plans should be reviewed periodically, at a minimum every three years • The plan should also be tested periodically, at a minimum every three years • Any such review should take into account changes in the facility, the emergency services, and new technical knowledge or response to major accidents Risk Assessment and Emergency Planning

  19. Structure of Emergency Planning National Emergency Plan

  20. Risk Assessment Regulations and Decree Risk Reduction External Emergency Plan Concept of Emergency Planning (Continued)

  21. Contents of an External Emergency Plan (example) Scope of the plan Extent of Planning Implementation and use of the plan Resources Monitoring, notification and warning Mobilisation of resources Management and Administration Protection, rescue and relief Personal and mutual protection List of terms and Abbreviations Annexes – A - D Annexes A- Action Plan for Bodies Implementing the Plan B- Collection of Data necessary for Implementation of the Plan C- Training and Drill Programme D- Instruction for Maintenance and Distribution of the Plan

  22. Contents of an EEP • 1. Scope of the Plan • the major-accident scenarios • potential for knock-on/domino effects (This information will be generated from the site risk assessment) • 2. Extent of Planning • facility • municipal/regional/state (This will be dependent on the results from the site risk assessment) 3. Implementation and use of the Plan Outline the concept for implementation of the EP in the event of major accidents for which the plan has been developed: Flowchart showing how the plan will be implemented. ! Key decision making

  23. Contents of an EEP (Continued) • 4. Resources • Outline necessary resources (personnel, facilities and funding) and the available funding. Necessary resources are generally defined by national legislation (minimum requirements). • The available resources are those available to the Local Authority. • 5. Monitoring, notification, and warning (1) • Outline the means of monitoring for major accidents and receiving early notification about major accidents. The EEP should include details of how a warning of a developing or actual major accident will be received by the external emergency services/local authority. • Outline the arrangements in place for promptly notifying and/or warning the following in the event of a major accident: • members of the public who may be affected by the accident; • external agencies (other municipal or state bodies responsible for activating the protection and rescue plans).

  24. CONTENTS OF AN EEP (Continued) 5. Monitoring, notification, and warning (2) • The EEP should include information on: • how the public in the vicinity of the establishment will be alerted in the event of an • accident • how they will be told what they should do • how they will be told that the danger is passed and they may return to their normal • activities • This will refer to the prior information that will have been supplied to those in the • vicinity of the establishment. • The public may be warned by siren, telephone, loud hailer or some other system. • This is for local agreement and should be recorded in the EEP. • Outline the procedures for the notification of other states in the event of a major • accident that may have cross-border consequences. • The EEP should include information on how the media will be used to transmit • information for immediate dissemination

  25. Contents of an EEP (Continued) • 6. Mobilisation of resources • Outline the procedure for mobilising • and coordination of the required resources (personnel, equipment and funds). • Flowcharts may be useful for showing how resources will be mobilised. • 7. Management and administration • Outline the EEP management structure (role and responsibilities of team members) • Indicate positions of persons authorized/responsible • To activate the various elements of the EEP • To liaise with other bodies responsible for emergency plans (other municipalities or • state)

  26. 8. Protection. Rescue and relief • For foreseeable conditions or events, which could lead to a major accident, • provide a description of the actions which should be taken to control the conditions • or events and to limit their consequences. • Outline the protective measures in place, how protection actions will be • implemented and those responsible for implementation. • Outline the rescue and relief tasks and those responsible for implementing • these tasks. Arrangements should be put in place for dealing with the consequences • outside the boundary of the establishment, for example: • Mitigating the external effects of the accident; • Sheltering or evacuating members of the public; • Controlling traffic and maintaining essential emergency service routes; and • Preventing people entering the affected area. • Arrangements must be in place for providing assistance with on-site • mitigatory action.

  27. 9. PERSONAL AND MUTUAL PROTECTION • Outline the instructions for an individual to prevent and mitigate the • consequences of a major accident on their health, life and property. • Indicate how these instructions will be effectively disseminated. • LIST OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS • ANNEXES

  28. Contents of an EEP (Continued) • Annexes: • Action plan for bodies implementing the plan • Include implementing bodies, their tasks, methods of implementation and determine the necessary material, financial and other resources for implementation of their tasks. • B. Relevant data for implementing the plan Include all relevant data such as names, positions, role in EEP, telephone numbers, faxes C. Training and drill programme Outline the staff training programme for tasks to be undertaken in the event of a major accident and the joint training programmes with the establishment. (see further guidance on emergency training and emergency response testing and drills) D. Maintenance and distribution of the plan (instructions to be provided)

  29. Contents of an EEP/IEP (Continued) • Content items are the same • External agencies are involved • The public is involved

  30. Major Accident Response Flowchart

  31. External Emergency Control Centre (EECC) • It may be possible to locate the EECC in the same area as the on-site Emergency Control Centre (ECC), however, it may need to be a safe distance from the facility • The EECC Team , once established, takes over the management of the off-site aspects of the response from the site ECC, including the media liaison role

  32. EECC (Continued) • The recommended equipment for the EECC is similar to that of the EEC detailed in an earlier presentation, in addition to the following: • Maps showing the location of overhead power lines or other obstructions that may restrict access to the facility • Roads maps of the surrounding area • A traffic management plan

  33. Liasing Internal/ External Emergency Services • The external emergency services are an essential source of help and expertise • in the event of an emergency. It is therefore important to ensure they are familiar with: • the layout of the site, • the nature of the work carried out, • chemicals stored on site, etc., • the nature of the potential major-accident hazards at the site, • the IEP. • The facility operator should invite the external emergency services onto the • establishment to ascertain the information required by the external emergency • services and to ensure they are familiar with the layout of the site. • There are two stages when information should be given to the • external emergency services/local authorities: • when preparing, developing and practicing the IEP (emergency planning); • in the event of an accident

  34. Liaison During Emergency Planning • The following information should typically be given to the external emergency • services/local authorities during the planning stage: • Information necessary to prepare the External Emergency Plan (EEP) as • appropriate, i.e. if an external plan is required; • An up-to-date copy of all relevant drawings showing location of access roads, • emergency exits, fire fighting equipment, hydrants, warehouses, chemical storage • areas, gas cylinders and any other information requested by the external • emergency services deemed necessary in the event of an emergency. • This may all be included in the IEP; • An up-to-date summary of all hazardous materials present on the site and • the actions to be taken in the event of an emergency. • This may all be included in the IEP; • Plant shutdown procedure. This may be included in the IEP.

  35. Liaison In The Event Of An Accident • When the emergency services arrive at the facility, the following information • should be provided by the MCT: • Location and details of the accident, including personnel injured or missing, • chemicals involved, wind speed, etc.; • Summary of any actions completed by MCT and FCT; • Any access restrictions; • Any other necessary information regarding the accident including the effect • on adjacent facilities. • The external emergency services will liaise with the MCT/FCT and ascertain • any additional information as required.

  36. Information to the Public

  37. General • Article 13 (1), of Seveso II /Article 14 2(a) of Seveso III requires that Member States shall ensure that information on safety measures and on the requisite behaviour in the event of an accident is supplied, without having to request it, to persons liable to be affected by a major-accident originating in an establishment covered by Article 9/10(top tier).

  38. General (Continued) • The maximum period between repetition of the information to the public shall, in any case, be no longer than five years.

  39. Minimum Public Information Requirements • This is outlined in Annex V/Vof the SevesoII/III • directive: • (1) Name of operator and address of the establishment. • (2) Identification, by position held, of the person giving the information.

  40. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (3) Confirmation that the establishment is subject to the regulations and/or administrative provisions of the Seveso II directive and that the notification referred • to in Article 6 (3), or the safety report referred to in Article 9 (1) has been submitted to the competent authority. • (4) An explanation in simple terms of the activity or activities at the establishment.

  41. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (5) The common names, in the case of dangerous substances covered by Part 2 of Annex I, the generic names or the general danger classification of the substances and preparations involved at the establishment which would give rise to a major-accident, with an indication of their principal dangerous characteristics.

  42. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (6) General information relating to the nature of the major-accident hazards, including their potential effects on the population and the environment. • Adequate information on how the population concerned will be warned and kept informed in the event of a major-accident

  43. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (8) Adequate information on the actions the population should take, and on the behaviour they should adopt, in the event of a major-accident. (or indication where • information can be accessed electronically • - Seveso III) • (9) Confirmation that the operator is required to make adequate arrangements on site, in particular liason with the emergency services, to deal with major- accidents and to minimise their effects.

  44. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (10) A reference to the external emergency plan drawn up to cope with any off-site effects from an accident. This should include advice to cooperate with any instructions or requests from the emergency services at the time of an accident.

  45. Minimum Public Information Requirements (Continued) • (11) Details of where further relevant information can be obtained, subject to the requirements of confidentiality laid down in national legislation.

  46. General Principles • Many plants have taken the opportunity, that with their public information duties under Seveso, to use the opportunity to positively influence the public image of the enterprise and to raise the trust in the plant safety measures. • The aim is to create a consciousness in the population for the risks in their surroundings and prepare them for the appropriate response in the event of an accident.

  47. Information Goals • The information should be developed such that: • The understanding of the type of facility is promoted. • The trust in the risk consciousness and precautionary measures of the operator is maintained or strengthened and the anxiety of accidents is maintained as low as possible. • The trust in the control and actions of the authorities is maintained or strengthened.

  48. Transparency and Understanding • It is necessary to communicate the hazards in an open and concrete fashion, and to represent the accident scenarios in a transparent and understandable manner. • A restrictive approach will quickly lead to a loss in public trust, which is difficult to regain. • The consultation with interested neighbouring persons and groups can increase public acceptance.

  49. Areas with Multiple Seveso Sites • Where the area contains a number of Seveso sites, then it is allowed under the legislation to generate a combined brochure instead of a row of individual information packs.

  50. Target Groups GENERAL PUBLIC INFORMATION FORM A comparativley large heterogenous General information according to Annex V composite group with different interests of Seveso II. and expectations. AFFECTED GROUP INFORMATION FORM Persons, who could be resident in Special information according to Annex V, normal situations and in unfavourable extensive recommendations for response in circumstances in the hazardous zone. event of an accident. INTERESTED GROUP INFORMATION FORM Individuals, who have the wish to Additional material to distinctive questions contact the plant operator for – as far as it does not impact business information. confidentiality (at the same time as trust building measures).

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