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VHE  - ray physics overview

-quasar. galactic center. pulsar. AGN. pulsar wind nebula. GRBs. shelltype SNR. cosmological  -ray horizon. origin of cosmic rays. cold dark matter. quantum gravity effects. VHE  - ray physics overview. 47 sources above 100 GeV seen by Hess+Magic, only 4 before!.

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VHE  - ray physics overview

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  1. -quasar galactic center pulsar AGN pulsar windnebula GRBs shelltype SNR cosmological -ray horizon origin of cosmic rays cold dark matter quantum gravity effects VHE -ray physics overview 47 sources above 100 GeV seen by Hess+Magic, only 4 before!

  2. The MAGIC -ray telescope Barcelona IFAE, UA Barcelona, U. Barcelona, HU Berlin, Instituto Astrofisica Canarias, U.C. Davis, U. Dortmund, U. Lodz, UCM Madrid, MPI München, INFN/ U. Padua, INFN/ U. Siena, INR Sofia, Tuorla Observatory, Yerevan Phys. Institute, INFN/ U. Udine, U. Würzburg, ETH Zürich • LargestCherenkovTelescope: 17 m Ø mirror dish • 3.5° FoV Camera with 576 enhanced QE PMT’s • Fast repositioning for GRBs: average ~30s • Trigger threshold: 50 GeV • Analysis threshold: 60 GeV • Sensitivity: 2.5% Crab / 50 h • -PSF: ~ 0.1° • Energy resolution: 20 - 30% PHYS DATA TAKING EFFICIENCY > 90% with good wheather & moon (1100 moonless hrs/year + 400 with moon)

  3. Science highlights from MAGIC since 2006 • 18 scientific papers published or in press • ~15 sources detected • 5 new extragalactic sources discovered • Including the prototype of a new family of objects: LBL AGNs emit VHE gammas! MAGIC Coll., Discovery of VHE gamma emission from BL Lac, astro-ph/0703084, subm. to ApJ Lett • 2 new galactic objects discovered • Including the prototype of a new family of objects MAGIC Coll., VHE gamma emission from the mquasar LS I +61 303, Science 312 (06) 1771

  4. observer Blazars: • AGN with relativistic jet aligned with observer’s line of sight • non-thermal emission, highly variable • SSC model: Synchrotron+ IC Extragalactic VHE -ray sources 15 blazars & 1 radio galaxy • MAGIC observations: • Mrk 421 z=0.030 astro-ph /0603478 • Mrk 501 z=0.034 astro-ph 0702008 • 1ES2344+514 z=0.044 astro-ph /0612383 • Mrk 180 z=0.045 ApJL 648 (2006) 105 • 1ES1959+650 z=0.047 ApJ 639 (2006) 761 • BL Lac z=0.069 astro-ph/0703084 • 1ES1218+308 z=0.182 ApJL 642 (2006) 119 • PG1553+113 z>0.09 ApJL 654 (2007) 119 • 3 more in pipeline redshift • VHE -rays: leptonic or hadronic origin? • Fast flares can be used for tests on light propagation • Gamma Ray Horizon •  cosmological parameters

  5. High time-resolution study of AGN flare • Variability studies of Mkn 501: for the 1st time, IC peak detected • Huge Mkn 501 flare: 4 Crab intensity, signal more than doubled wrt baseline • Intensity variation recorded in 2 minute bins => new, much stronger, constraints on emission mechanism and light-speed dispersion relations (effective quantum gravity scale). • O (Mp/100) reached

  6. What’s new – 1 : MAGIC2 & Italy • Mirror production: @ full speed! • Blank production started • 4 mould produced • 4 mirrors/day production rate for full production • 20 blanks already produced • Mirrors polishing tested • 7 mirrors fully finshed @LT to test the full procedure • ~1 mirror/day production rate In summer the production will stop for lack of funds: only 1/3 of mirrors (80) financed so far by INFN… 3 new mirrors mounted in the MAGIC I frame for test Performing well after > 1 year

  7. What’s new – 2 : the CTA Outer array (smaller telescopes) Inner array (larger telescopes) • aims to explore the sky in the 10 GeV to 100 TeV energy range • builds on demonstrated technologies: ~replicas of MAGIC, HESS in 2 sites (N/S) • combines guaranteed science with significant discovery potential • ~1000 sources expected • R&D proposal now • INFN leads: • Mirrors • Site section & Infrastructure • If infrastructure financed in 2009, will take over MAGIC&HESS in 2012 Efficiency @ 5s in 50 hours

  8. Conclusions Conclusions • MAGIC is delivering very good physics results • detected ~15 sources • discovered 4 new VHE -ray sources • 18 scientific publications (printed or submitted) • Cycle2 almost completed: important commitment to test fundamental physics (DM, Lorentz violation, …) • A second telescope will see the first light soon (end 2007?) 2 x better sensitivity  no. of sources may increase up to ~50 We need money for it…

  9. Richieste • Sblocco dei SJ (le missioni estere sono state particolarmente scarse quest’anno: per risparmiare MAGIC Italia fa turni di 24 notti consecutive) • 230 kEUR per l’ottica di MAGIC2 (1/3) • 240 + 50 + 10 kEUR per elettronica/DAQ di MAGIC2 • Approvazione del nuovo MoU, nel quale MAGIC2 e’ esplicitamente incluso

  10. Futuro (fino al 2010) • Importante interazione con i satelliti gamma • Dal 2007: Run con AGILE • Dal 2008: Run con GLAST E’ fondamentale il completamento di MAGIC2, che raddoppia l’efficienza, migliora la precisione angolare e abbassa la soglia energetica. Temibile la concorrenza di VERITAS, come MAGIC all’emisfero N, che e’ ora operativo con 3 telescopi e entro l’anno lo sara’ con 4 • Ci si attende di arrivare entro il 2010 a ~30 nuove sorgenti VHE • Il numero di FTE, oggi ~30, passera’ a ~35 (contatti con un nuovo gruppo che si presentera’ a giugno)

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