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1914-1918: The World at War

1914-1918: The World at War. Differing Viewpoints. “Family Feud” “The War to End All Wars” “The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’”. Causes of the War. 1. The Alliance System. Triple Entente :. Triple Alliance :. Two Armed Camps!. Allied Powers :. Central Powers :.

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1914-1918: The World at War

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  1. 1914-1918:The Worldat War

  2. Differing Viewpoints • “Family Feud” • “The War to End All Wars” • “The War to ‘Make the World Safe for Democracy’”

  3. Causesof theWar

  4. 1. The Alliance System Triple Entente: Triple Alliance:

  5. Two Armed Camps! Allied Powers: Central Powers:

  6. The Major Players: 1914-17 Allied Powers: Central Powers: Nicholas II [Rus] Wilhelm II [Ger] George V [Br] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Enver Pasha[Turkey] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Franz Josef [A-H]

  7. Europe in 1914

  8. 2. Militarism & Arms Race Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers [Ger., A-H, It., Fr., Br., Rus.] in millions of £s.

  9. 3. Economic & Imperial Rivalries

  10. 4. Aggressive Nationalism

  11. Pan-Slavism: The Balkans, 1914 The“Powder Keg”of Europe “The Black Hand” pro-Serbian nationalists

  12. The“Spark”

  13. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

  14. The Assassination: Sarajevo

  15. The Assassin: GavriloPrincip

  16. Who’s To Blame? • German encirclement theory? • Ignorance of modern warfare? • M.A.I.N.

  17. What was that about? • By 1900’s, Ottoman Empire in decline • Nations had formed from Ottoman territory • Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia (Slavic group) • Serbia wanted to extend boundaries into A-H territory (Pan-Slavism…if Slavs there…it’s ok to take) • 1908 A-H took Bosnia-Herzegovina (lots of Slavic people there) • Serbia really upset. • Black Hand wanted to rid Bosnia of all A-H power

  18. Who started it? • Should have been between Serbia and Austria-Hungary • Instead…Russia backed Serbia and Germany backed A-H • A-H declares war on Serbia • Russia mobilizes troops near German and Austrian border • Germany declares war on Russia AND France • British are sucked in for the ride.

  19. The Schlieffen Plan • Attack France through neutral Belgium

  20. German Atrocities in Belgium

  21. Mobilization • Home by Christmas! • No major war in 50 years! • Nationalism! It's a long way to Tipperary, It's a long way to go; It's a long way to Tipperary, To the sweetest girl I know! Goodbye, Piccadilly, Farewell, Leicester Square, It's a long, long way to Tipperary, But my heart's right there!

  22. Recruitment Posters

  23. A Young Australian Recruit

  24. Recruits of the Central Powers A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother Austro-Hungarians

  25. New French Recruits

  26. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

  27. Womenand theWarEffort

  28. Financing the War

  29. For Recruitment

  30. Munitions Workers

  31. French Women Factory Workers

  32. German Women Factory Workers

  33. Working in the Fields

  34. A Woman Ambulance Driver

  35. Red Cross Nurses

  36. Women in the Army Auxiliary

  37. Russian Women Soldiers

  38. Spies • “Mata Hari” • Real Name: Margareetha Geertruide Zelle • German Spy!

  39. Posters:WartimePropaganda

  40. Australian Poster

  41. American Poster

  42. Financing the War

  43. German Poster Think of Your Children!

  44. The Western Front: A “War of Attrition”

  45. A Multi-Front War

  46. The Western Front

  47. Trench Warfare

  48. Trench Warfare “No Man’s Land”

  49. Verdun – February, 1916 • German offensive. • Each side had 500,000 casualties.

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