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Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health. Definitions. The endocrine system includes various organs that work together to regulate body functions. Endocrine Glands : tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

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Reproductive Health

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  1. Reproductive Health

  2. Definitions • The endocrine system includes various organs that work together to regulate body functions. • Endocrine Glands: tubeless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream • Hormones: Chemical substances that help regulate many of your body’s functions

  3. Endocrine system glands • Thyroid gland: Regulates metabolism, body heat, and bone growth • Regulates the way cells release energy from nutrients • Parathyroid: Produces a hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphorus. • Pancreas: Works for both the digestive and endocrine system • They regulate the level of glucose in the blood, also release insulin.

  4. Endocrine system glands • Hypothalamus: Links the endocrine system to the nervous system and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete hormones. • Pituitary Gland: Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine glands. • Adrenal Gland: Regulates salt and water balance. Responsible for your emergency response of “fight or flight”

  5. Maintaining a Healthy Endocrine System • Eat well balanced meals • Minimize your stress levels • Proper sleep • Teens 8 to 9 hours a night • Regular exercise • Regular medical check-ups • Some endocrine disorders require medication (diabetes is an example)

  6. Male Reproductive System • Includes both external and internal organs that allow physically mature males to produce children. • 2 main functions of Male Reproductive System • Produce and store sperm. (Reproductive cells) millions are produced each day • Testosterone production, initiates physical changes that signal maturity. • Testosterone also controls the production of sperm

  7. External Reproduction Organs • Testes (testicles): 2 small glands that secrete testosterone and produce sperm • Scrotum: External skin sac the testes are located in • Penis: Tube-shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes • Semen: A thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system

  8. Side View

  9. Male Reproduction • Ejaculation occurs at the height of sexual arousal. • Seminal fluids leaving the body • Fertilization can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse. • Fertilization is the joining of the male sperm and female egg

  10. External continued • Sperm cannot live in temps. higher than the 98.6 degrees. • The scrotum protects the sperm by keeping the testes slightly below normal body temp. • When the body gets warm the scrotum relaxes and lowers away from the body. • When the body gets cold the scrotum tightens and moves the testes closer to the body

  11. Internal Organs • Sperm produced in the testes must travel through several structures inside the body before they are released • Structures include • Vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, and the Cowper’s gland • Hand out explaining each

  12. Maintaining a Healthy Reproductive System • Bathe regularly • Wear protective equipment in sporting events • Practice abstinence • Get regular check-ups

  13. Male Reproductive System Problems • Inguinal hernia: Part of the intestine pushes through a tear in the abdominal wall. • Caused by straining the abs by lifting heavy objects. • Symptoms include a lump in the groin area near the thigh, pain in the groin, or blockage of the intestine • Surgery can repair it

  14. Male Reproductive System Problems • Sterility: The inability to reproduce, as a result of too few sperm or poor sperm quality. • Causes of sterility include • Hormonal imbalances, exposure to X-rays or radiation, toxic chemicals (lead). • Use of steroids and contracting an STD

  15. Male Reproductive System Problems • Testicular Cancer: Most often occurs between the ages of 14 – 40. • If caught early it is treatable through surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy • Prostate Cancer: Prostate gland becomes enlarged as a result of an infection, a tumor, or age. • Early detection increases survival rate, but can be deadly.

  16. Female Reproductive Organs • Ovaries: Female sex glands that store the ova (egg) and produce female sex hormones. • Uterus: The hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ that nourishes and protects a fertilized ovum (egg/baby) until birth. • Ovulation: The process of releasing a mature egg into the fallopian tube each month. • Fallopian Tubes: Mature eggs move from the ovary to the uterus through theses tubes

  17. Side View

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